Andrey Bogolyubsky was the Prince of Vladimir of Suzdal. Andrey Bogolyubsky what did he do

Brief Life of the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

The Holy Blessed Great Prince An-drey was the son of the Great Prince Yuri Dol-go-ru-ko-go and the grandson of Vla-di -mi-ra Mo-no-ma-ha. Since childhood, from-li-chall-sya love-bo-view to church services, once-yes-shaft more-d-my-lo-sta-nu. In 1155, without asking his father, Prince An-drey from-right-vil-sya to Vla-di-mi-ro-Suz-dal land, where-yes re-re- carried from you-sh-go-ro-yes Vla-di-mir-sky icon-well of the Pre-holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy. Here, the sa-ma Pre-chi-flock De-va appeared to him, commanding to build a mo-on-shtir in honor of Her Nativity. The prince ras-po-rya-dil-sya on-pi-sat iko-well, in that form. as the Mother of God appeared to him. Iko-well, they called Bo-go-love-sky, as well as the mo-on-shit that arose here. Be-duchi from-brand-nym at the party to the prince, Prince An-drey for the first time in Russia established unity-but-authority, taking care of -shchi-those and strengthen-le-nii-her land. Under him, the Suz-dal-principality of the ras-shi-ri-moose became the new center of the Russian lands, and Prince Andrey became the first ve-li-ko -Russian prince-zem. He built many mo-on-hundred-reys and temples. He was killed in re-zul-ta-te for-go-vo-ra tsa-re-dvor-tsev in 1174.

Full Life of the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Holy b-go-faithful prince An-drey Bo-go-lyub-sky (1110-1174), grandson of the ve-li-ko-go-prince Vla-di-mi-ra Mo-no-ma -ha, son of Prince Yuri Dol-go-ru-ko-go and in-lo-vet-koy princess (in Holy Baptism Mary), born in 1110 he spent a year and 35 years of his life in Ro-sto-in-Suz-dal-land, someone received his father as an inheritance. But in his young years he lived in Ki-e-ve, where his father was the great prince. From de-da Vla-di-mi-ra Mo-no-ma-ha, the grandson of the una-le-to-valve ve-li-spiritual co-environment-to-that-chen-ness, love- bov to the word of God and accustomed to refer to Pi-sa-nii in all cases of life. “From young bo age, from young feet, from worldly su-e-wisdom, from lying to yourself, - go-vo-rit describe-sa-tel of his life -tiya. - The voices of the Divine-we-we-we-always-glare-with-your-ear-sa own, holy books in the teachings of the sweet-to-hear-sha-yu-schi, from-nu-du-same with-tya-mother se-be for-cha-lo pre-wisdom-ro-sti - fear of God and pre-wisdom of ra-zu-ma from Pi-sa-ny Holy -ty". The prince loved church singing and church services, he knew the charter of the church well and perfectly remembered, pa-myat ka-ko th holy and on some day co-ver-sha-et-sya. He loved secret night prayers and often a hundred but-whose secrets from everyone, went to the temple, lit candles and prayed.

Together with the deep-bo-kim bless-go-che-sti-em, the holy prince An-drey owl-me-shcha-ra-nye in motion. Brave and skillful warrior, An-drey from-li-chal-sya a special fight on-go-chi-vo-stu and smart-ditch, “masculine and mind live in it, really, and is-ti-na in it ho-di-li, he was the second wise-eye So-lo-mo-nom, ”pi-sal le-to-pi- set. A participant in many of the moves of his in-the-in-stven-no-th-father, Prince An-drey more than once in battles was close to death ty. Near Lutsk (1150) he drove the enemies and was surrounded by them on the bridge - he was saved from the co-drink of the German-who-on-it-no-mo -lit-va-mi to ve-li-ko-mu-che-ni-ku Fe-o-do-ru Stra-ti-la-tu, whose pa-myat was made that day ( February 8/21). Rushing to another hundred-ro-well of the river, he drove the shooters of the enemy to the city, but was left by his own; one of his friends, seizing An-dreev by the bridle, held him and thereby saved him from captivity, if not from death. In 1152, in a hot battle at the river. Ru-te Prince An-drey with a strong blow from-lo-small his spear, the helmet flew off his head and the shield fell to the ground, but this time too God's invisible-mo saved the prince-zya-mo-lit-ven-no-ka.

A skillful warrior, the young prince, at the same time, “was not a great-chav for a military rank.” Le-the-scribes are especially-bo from-me-cha-yut the mi-ro-creator-che-sky gift of St. Andrew, rare in princes and half-to-water- tsakh of that su-ro-in-th time. Co-che-ta-nie in-in-sky dob-le-sti with mi-ro-lu-bi-em and mi-lo-ser-di-em, ve-li-ko-go-smi-re-nia with my uncontrollable zeal for the Church, it would have been in the highest degree with-su-prince of Prince Andrey. He loved the poor and the wretched and gave me mi-lo-sta-nu, saying: “Behold, there is Christ, come, come, is-ku-sit me” .

Prince An-drey, born and raised in the se-ve-re, loved his ro-di-nu - the Suz-dal land - and skillfully managed lyal it, planting a clean-those of morals and blessings. Together with his father, Prince Yury Dol-go-ru-kim, built Moscow in 1147, in 1152 - Yuryev Polsky, city of Vla-di-mir land, in 1154 - Dmitri-ditch and decorated the temple-ma-mi Rostov, Suz-dal, Vla-di-mir.

At this time, on the se-ve-ro-in-the-sewage outskirts of the Ki-ev-go-go-su-dar-stva, where would-lo races-on-lo-same-but the principality of St. Andrew, shi-ro-kim somehow moved large masses of pe-re-se-lens from the southern pre- de-loving Rus-si. Would it be people, from-mu-chen-nye-hundred-yan-ny-mi between-to-uso-bi-tsa-mi specific princes, ta-tar-ski-mi on -be-ga-mi, suffering from de-gu-la and excesses of their own free princely squads. They roar-but-wa-whether about the purity of the right-to-glory and is-ka-whether the truth and the bless-go-che-sti-howl of life in the light of Christ -va Evangelion. With great love, the holy prince met the villagers and, like a kind ho-zya-in, he could eliminate them all and-wa-sya in a new place: ras-chi-scha-were forests, for-se-and-va-las-bread virgin lands; people have become for-no-mother-earth-le-de-li-eat, bee-water, fish-fishing, hunting. Huge rivers Vol-ga and Oka with pri-to-ka-mi from-kry-va-whether water ways. Arrange-wa-li-ro-gi, bridges, de-vi-wa-li re-mes-la, pro-bloom-ta-la tor-gov-la. Rise-no-ka-whether the city of Tver, Ga-lich, Pskov, Staro-oak, Zve-no-go-rod.

When, in 1154, Yuri Dol-go-ru-kiy became the great prince of Ki-ev-sky, he gave his son to the lot of you-sh-go-rod under Ki-e- vom, in order to have a close support in his courage. But not to the liking of the b-go-che-sti-vo-th Andrey in the south of Russia. With deep-bo-koy sorrow, he perceives-not-small the inter-separate races-under the princes, the demons of their squads, without-protection-ness on- se-le-niya and striving for the Suz-dal-sky lands, where in pro-ti-vo-weight noise-no-mu, the devil-for-some-no-mu south would be ti -shi-na, in-coy and b-go-che-stie. And in his heart, more and more, a courageous and decisive thought arose - to base a single strong prince -the same state-zha-vu on the se-ve-re Ru-si with a single right-in-glorious faith. “There’s nothing for us here, ba-tyush-ka, de-lat,” he said to his father, “get away from-here-yes-for-warm-lo.”

And not long before this, Kon-stan-ti-no-pol-sky pat-ri-arch Lu-ka Khri-zo-verg, inspired by Pre-Holy Bo-go-ro -di-tsy sent to Ki-ev Prince Yuri Dol-go-ru-ko-mu ve-li-kuyu saint-you-nu - mi-do-creative icon-well God-she Ma-te-ri, on-pi-san-naya still evangelist Lu-koy. Around 1130-1131 together with the icon of God-mother Ma-te-ri "Pi-ro-go-shcha" both saints-whether you-would-be-re-not-se-ny to Russia. Here they have an eye for a worthy meeting: for the icon of Bo-go-ma-te-ri "Pi-ro-go-shcha" in-build-and-whether the church, and iko-well, in the aftermath, called Vla-di-mir-sky, in a place in the ro-do-vo-name of St. rav-noap-os-tol-noy Ol-gi in you-sh-go-ro-de in the former women’s mo-on-sta-re there. It would be a sign of the special mercy of God and of great blessings for the Russian land.

“Seeing a multitude of miracles” from p-not-sen-noy to you-sh-go-rod of the holy icon of God-mother-she Ma-te-ri, blah-go- Faithful Prince An-drey and bless him. With tears and love-view, he spread his heart in hot-whose prayer before the miraculous icon go-word-ven-noy Vla-dy-chi-tsy: “Oh, Pre-chi-flock of the Lord, De-vo Bo-go-ro-di-tse, Ma-ti Christ-hundred Bo- ha na-she-go! Asche ho-shche-shi, mo-zh-shi me Help-no-tsa be-ti in the Rostov-land, where is the va-ti, and so- mo-se-ti us, Vla-dy-chi-tse! - so often and so tenderly, the prince called out.

And the Mother of God heard-sha-la the incessant cry of His-e-of-brand-no-ka and bla-gos-lo-vi-la his good na-chi -on-tion. Pre-holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsa, “from the icon of His mercy to us is-that-cha-yu-shcha”, see-di-my know-me -eat uka-za-la in-my-lyu. In Vysh-go-ro-de, iko-on sometimes you-you-sha-losed, went down-no-ma-stood, I stood on the air-du-he, sometimes in the temple " but-sha-she-sya here-du and here-du”, about-on-ru-zhi-vaya striving for God-zhi-her Ma-te-ri to-ki-nut this place. Then the b-go-faithful prince An-drey, "improved the same-la-e-mine" and taking the holy icon-well, as a great-some co-to-ro-vi- more and bless the word of God Ma-te-ri, “going on your way, ra-du-I-sya and sing to God” (aka-fist). Tai-but from all the young prince with the priest Mi-ku-li-tseyu (Ni-ko-la-em), dia-ko-n Nestor and their family in the spring of 1155, you traveled from Ki-e-va. Bla-go-che-sti-voe pre-da-nie, for-pi-san-noe later-her-shi-mi le-to-pis-tsa-mi, informs that blah- God-give be with him. Est-va put-no-ki enter-pi-whether in the pre-de-ly Ro-sto-in-Suz-dal-principality, as from the icon of God-mother Ma- te-ri na-cha-whether co-perform-sya chu-de-sa, in consequence of-pi-san-nye spirits-hov-no-one of prince Andrey "in-pom Mi-ku-litsey" in "The Tale of the Chu-de-sah of the Vla-di-mir-sky icon of God Ma-te-ri."

In the pre-de-lah of Moscow, then, even with everything, the young city, yes, by the prayer of the prince, before the icon, there was a miracle, but saved from po -top-le-nia in the river Yau-ze one of his servants; then, on the Ro-gozh-sky fields, the horse knocked down the same priest-no-ka Mi-ku-li-tsy and for-top-talked her no-ga-mi, but by prayer- ve before the icon, after suffering, remained neuro-di-mine. Special b-go-give to Ma-te-ri Bo-zhi-she opened not-da-le-ku from Vla-di-mi-ra, verst in de-sya-ti down along the river Klyaz-we. Holy Prince An-drey on-me-re-val-sya to-stand icon-well in Rosto-ve, but according to the action of the power of God, the convoy stopped -sya. Lo-sha-di did not go any further. Then lo-sha-dey pe-re-me-ni-li, but also the new ones could not move from the spot. The good-faithful prince An-drey considered this to be a secret from-the-thing of God, “and I know Thy good will here, Vlady-chi-tse, know.” From-serve-whether mo-le-ben before the miracle-to-creative icon. The prince and all those present on the knees prayed with tears. And when it was night, it would be a wonderful sight. The holy Virgin appeared with a charter and said-for-la-bla-go-ver-no-mu prince An-drey: “I don’t want you to carry a once My in Rostov. Place him in Vla-di-mir, and in this place erect a stone church in the name of the Nativity of Mo-e-go and arrange a cloister ino -kam.

The blessed prince immediately-len-but-lo-lived the temple and, calling art-ic-ic-but-scribes, ordered to-pi-sat them icon- well, Bo-go-ro-di-tsy in that mo-lit-ven-nom form, in which She appeared to him. Bo-go-lu-bi-vaya iko-na-la-na-pi-sa-in Greek writing. On it, Bo-go-ro-di-tsa is depicted in full height, with a scroll in his right hand, left o-ra-sche-na in mo-lit-ve to Spa-si-te-lyu, the prince himself is depicted on her in the mo-lit-ven-nom before-sto-i-nii. Iko-na pro-glory-vi-las many-gi-mi chu-de-sa-mi. She began to call Bo-go-lu-bi-howl, and the abode and city - Bo-go-lu-bo-vo, the prince himself - Bo-go-lyub-skim . In the blessing of the Pre-Holy Bo-go-ro-di-tse in 1155, the b-go-faithful prince ordered to decorate the holy icon-well dra -go-valuable ok-la-house, and in the pa-myatt of the miracle-des-no-th appearance of Her in 1157, the annual holiday was established -tion in honor of the icon on July 18th.

The city of Bo-go-lu-bo-in and its environs in the place-in-the-same-way on you-so-be-re-gu Klyaz-we, as well as distance from Vla-di-mi-ra (one-to-twenty versts) in everything on-on-mi-nal you-so-be-re-gu of the Dnieper and on the same distance from Ki-e-va, as well as Bo-go-lu-bo-vo from Vla-di-mi -ra.

On May 15, 1157, the great prince of Kiev Yuri Dol-go-ru-kiy died, and the holy blessed prince An-drey was elected and approved on Ro-sto-vo-Suz-dal-sky princely table, “because we love all of us for a lot of his good-ro-de-tel, whose name was before to God and to all beings under Him.

De-I-tel-ness of St. Andrey Bo-go-loving-go-go as sa-mo-hundred-I-tel-no-th prince-zya Ro-hundred-in-Suz-dal -sky earth is all-important in is-ri-che-from-no-she-nii: here he is-la-is-sya on-chi-on-te-lem no-vo -go-go-sudar-stven-no-go in a row, it’s worth it at the is-to-kov of the Russian center-tra-li-zo-van-no-go-su-dar- stva.

But from the name of the older cities, Ro-sto-va and Suz-da-la, St. An-drey did not live in either one or the other, in a way that here the princely power was weakened-la-was signified by ve-cha and boyar. And in such a city, according to the inspiration of the Pre-chi-stay Bo-go-ro-di-tsy, he chose the pri-go-rod - Vla-di-peace on Klyaz-me. Prince An-drey wished not only to elevate Vla-di-peace over the old cities of his own princedom, but also to create from it the second swarm Ki-ev. Were there on-sy-pa-ny va-ly, ras-shi-ren city and arranging walls, and a new hundred-face for-si-i-la bo- wealth and b-go-le-pi-eat. From the western side of the hundred, would it be in order-e-us, according to the example of Ki-e-va and Kon-stan-ti-no-po-la Zo-lo-tye in -ro-ta, from the east - Silver, from the north - Copper, from the south - Volga.

And in 1153, in praise and honor of the Pre-Holy Name of Bo-go-ro-di-tsy, he was for-lo-wives in Vla-di-mi-re Uspensky so-boron according to the a-ra-zu mi-des-no-go ki-ev-sko-go-temple-ma. The blessed prince decided to build such a temple, “which has never been in Russia and never will be”, so that everyone would-be-like-we-whether with this significant se-le-ni-em of the glory of God christi-an-sko-go and His Pre-chi- stop Ma-te-ri. Ka-men for the walls of the temple when-in-zi-whether by water from the Volga Bolgar-garia and you-gru-zha-whether on the be-re-gu of the river Ner-li , when it falls into the river Klyaz-mu, while leaving the de-th-th part of the stone-nya for building-up in the aftermath of the sign -of the Blood-of-the-th temple. From all the lands of Rus-si, “God is the master in the place”, in order to build “His temple is holy and di-ven in truth.” And two years later, the ve-li-ko-lep-but-decorated temple was built and consecrated.

The Dormition So-bor burned and shone-became gold-lo-tom. Ver-ha - in gold, two-ri churches - in gold, pa-ni-ka-di-la - gold, se-reb-ro, gem -chug; he represented from himself "the luminosity of a certain vision." He was a living pro-po-ve-due about the greatness and glory of Is-tin-no-go in the Trinity of the glory of God. In this great-to-stucco-temple-me-bla-go-faithful prince An-drey set up and his main holy-you-nude, which has now become a saint - more than all Northern Rus-si, - the miraculously creative icon-well of God-she Ma-te-ri, and she became-la-named Vla-di- worldly. And at the place of the meeting, when re-re-not-se-nii of the icon-us from Bo-go-lu-bo-va on the bank-re-gu of the re-ki would be-la in-stro-e-na a church in the name of Sre-te-niya icon of the Pre-Holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy Vla-di-mir-sky.

On the day of setting up the icon of Bo-go-ma-te-ri in co-bo-re, Prince An-drey declared himself to be the only kim of the prince-earth of all the Russian land, the city of Vla-di-mir pro-voz-gla-forces the most-so-ro-ro-house, and the Assumption Cathedral became the main temple -mom in the whole Russian land. For the maintenance of the temple, St. An-drey gave from the herds and trade duties, bestowed se-la-mi.

So, “I have in myself a b-go-dat-noe with-kro-vi-shche, icon-well of Your Vla-di-worldly, pre-successful-va-she from the power in the si-lu father-thing-ness on-she. Vla-di-mir-sky icon-on-God-her Ma-te-ri became-la-ve-li-coy on-tsio-nal-noy-you-her in Rus-si, and holy An -drey Bo-go-lub-sky appeared as-no-va-te-lem but-in-go-su-dar-stva.

And the Mother of God vnu-shi-la blah-go-che-sti-vo-mu knya-zyu build mo-on-stay-ri, temples and cities like os-but -vu kre-po-sti, power, unity of Rus-si. Na-cha-elk pro-sve-shche-tion of the Northern Rus-si. Where earlier, in a lu-di-kie tribe-me-na, for-no-ma-fox hunting and fishing, yes, clo-ly-were soul-less -tu-ka-us, the light of Christ arose, the blessing of the news of Christ Jesus raz-ru-shi-lo the darkness of the language of wickedness. Iko-no-pi-sa-nie appeared, opened schools, while preserving the ancient b-go-che-sti-tra-di -tion of Byzantium, Kievan Rus and the foundations of right-in-glory-no-th-being.

Thirty temples were co-created by the holy prince An-dre-em. In only the first six years of his prince, he built seven stone churches: tsy in Bo-go-lu-bo-ve (1159), Vla-di-mir-sky Assumption Cathedral (1158-1160), Assumption of Bo-go-ro-di-tsy in Ro-sto-ve (1162) (1164), the Church of the Spa-sa in Vla-di-mi-re (1164), according to the blood of Bo-go-ro-di-tsy at the mouth of the Ner-li, near Bo-go -lu-bo-va (1165), St. mu-che-no-ka Leon-ty in Bo-go-lu-bo-ve, St. Andrew Stra-ti- la-ta in Bo-go-lu-bo-ve.

About himself, he wrote: “I White Russia go-ro-da-mi and se-la-mi built-il and co-de-lal with many people.” He strengthened and united the Russian land, the foundation of a new spiritual center. Ras-pro-country-christianity, he christened many Bulgarians-gar-tongues. He, according to the words of the le-the-scribe, used to bring all the tongues into his temples, his own and those who came , and most of all merchants from different countries “from la-you-nyan and from all in-g-ni” and show them “true christ -an-stvo". “Language-ni-ki, bol-ga-re, zhi-do-ve and all in-gan” in-ra-zha-we-li-chi-em and the beauty of that church-no- go blah-go-le-pia, where in-is-ti-not the sky is connected with the earth, b-go-give God ka-sa-lased their hearts, and many pri-ni-ma-whether Holy Baptism. So-to-would you have the consequences of im-chat-le-tion from the created sv. An-dre-em Bo-go-lyub-sky ve-li-che-stven-nyh temples.

By the b-go-dat-no-mu for-step-le-nia and with the help of Glorious Vla-dy-chi-tsy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy and for-bo-ta-mi the holy prince-zya ras-pro-country-was and grew stronger-la-pra-in-glorious-faith - ve-li-kai si-la Christ-sto-va, and raz-roses -non-noe language in these holy lands united by the flame of a common mo-lit-you into a single ve-li-ko-Russian na-rod-ness - Pra-in-glorious Russia. “In-se-ve-li-ko-stucco-christian-sti-an-sky temples, Northern Russia under the roof of a single re-ligion na-cha- la feeling-of-one-ness, and having created-sha-I-sya on-kind-ness we-li-ko-Russian here, in these temples, at-about-re-la firm and not-co-le-bi-my conviction that without Pra-vo-glory-viy there can be no Rus-si ”(V. Ge-or-gi-ev-sky ).

In 1160, co-performed an event, someone-swarm eye-for-an important influence on the development and strengthening of chri- sti-an-stva in Ros-sto-in-Suz-dal-land, - this is about-re-te-the relics of Sts. Leon-tia and Is-a-ii, pro-sve-ti-te-lei of Rostov-sky. Blessed-faithful prince An-drey Bo-go-lyub-sky arranged for the holy relics ve-li-ko-moulded coffins-ni-tsy. This is the incorruptibility of the holy remains and chu-de-sa, co-ver-shav-shi-e-sya at the relics of the first pro-sve-ti-te-lei of Rostov, would it be ube-di-tel-nym-know-me-ni-em for the tongues of the great Christian faith.

Blessed-faithful Prince An-drey did not part with the Vla-di-mir-icon of God-God-her Ma-te-ri, especially ben-but in time on-ho-dov on enemies. So, in 1164, he co-made a dob-flattering campaign against the Volga Bol-garia, located on the Great Volga Pu -ty and presenting a serious danger to the Russian state. St. An-drey took with him on this trip the Vla-di-mir-icon-well of God-mother Ma-te-ri and a two-sided icon-well, on which -then a swarm would have been a picture of a brother-wife Spas Nehru-to-your-ren-ny on one side and “In-clo-not-nie-Cross” - on the other. (At the present time, both icons are in the State Tre-tya-kov-sky gallery.) The prince and all the army at the hour-ti- prayed for the Holy Christ Ta-in and with tears prayed before the icon of God-her Ma-te-ri, praying for Her help. And ve-whether-something-would-lo-yav-le-but from the holy icons on the day of re-sha-yu-schey in the be-dy over the bol-ga-ra-mi 1 av-gu-hundred 1164, yes. After the thunder of the Bol-gar-sko-go howl, the brothers (An-drey, his brother Yaroslav, son of Izya-s-lav, etc.) returned to “ne -shtsam "(pe-ho-te), standing under the prince-ski-mi stya-ga-mi at the Vla-di-mir-icon-na, and the icon , "praise-ly and dog-no air-yes-va-yu-sche to her." And then everyone will see that from the icons of Spa-si-te-la, Bo-go-ma-te-ri and Kre-sta is-ho-di-li fire-n-ny-ray-chi , light, illuminating the whole place, and blah-go-ear-ing. And the blessed prince, in order to increase this all-strong help in the pa-my-ty on the native, with the blessing of the word Kon -stan-ti-no-pol-sko-go pat-ri-ar-ha established every-until-year-her holiday 1 av-gu-hundred in the pa-meat of this co-would -tia, someone-swarm recognized-me-no-va-lo the clear cover of God-she-her Ma-te-ri over Russia. One-now-men-but in 1164-du vi-zan-ty-sko-mu im-pe-ra-to-ru Ma-nu-i-lu († 1180) was-lo yav-le-but known -me-nie from the icon of Spa-si-te-la during the time of his in-poor-but-th battle with sa-ra-tsi-na-mi. Astonishingly one-to-now-men-no-styu of miraculous knowledge-me-of half-to-water-tsy mouth-but-wee-whether in chi-well blah-go-ver- no-th prince-zya An-dreya feast-but-va-nie 1 av-gu-sta - All-mi-lo-sti-vo-mu Spa-su and Pre-holy Bo-go-ro-di -tse.

And on October 1, a holiday was established for the In-Cro-va of God-mother-her Ma-te-ri over Russia. The roof is a feast of the n-tsio-nal-no-go-same-stva, ve-li-koy ra-do-sti accepting Bo-go-ro-di-tsey under Your own omo- for Holy Ru-si. And although he was based on an event that had a place in Byzantium, there is no such holiday in Latin Za -pa-de, not in the Greek Vo-sto-ke, and he set-nav-whether-val-sya as a sign of the name of the Russian Pra-in-glory for pro-glory -le-nia For-stup-ni-tsy but-in-go Her lot-la - Ru-si For-les-sky. Feast-nick-by-kro-va Pre-Holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy is close for us special you-ra-same-no-em-hope-dy for a soon- stup-no-che-stvo and mi-lo-ser-die God-she-her Ma-te-ri.

The holy An-dre-em was the first temple in a built-in way, in a sacred way a new holiday-no-ku, - the well-known Cover on the Ner -whether. He erected it in 1165 as a gift in praise of God for victory over enemies and glorification of God ma-te-ri, p-yav-shey under His shelter Russia Pra-in-glorious. The temple was built at the mouth of the Ner-li river, at its inflow into the Klyaz-mu river. By the will of the prince from the pri-v-zi-my-th white-lo-th stone for the construction of the Assumption-so-bo-ra in Vla-di-mi- re from-kla-dy-va-las de-sya-taya part for the Intercession Church. Here, the architect and ma-ste-ra made a b-ski-noe-no-va-tion of an artificial hill, the surface of its ob-li- tse-vav be-lo-ka-men-ny-mi pli-ta-mi. Var-va-ry Ba-tyya did not tro-well-whether the temple, and the annual overflow of two rivers in the course of seven centuries did not under-we-shaft its os- but-va-nia. Were there some tortures to ra-zo-rit, raz-ru-sew this temple - a masterpiece of mi-ro-howl ar-khi-tek-tu-ry, but si-la Bo -zhiya save him.

Remaining in everything the faithful son of the Pra-in-glorious Church, blu-sti-te-lem of the faith and ka-no-nov, Saint An-drey ob-ra -til-sya in Tsa-r-grad to pat-ri-ar-hu with sons-new-her request-fight for the establishment of a special-fight mit-ro-po-lea for Se-ve-ro- Eastern Ru-si. With the co-responsibility of the prince-same gra-mo-toy in Vi-zan-tia from-prav-vil-sya from-branded prince-zem kan-di-dat in mit -ro-po-li-you - Suz-dal-sky ar-khi-mand-rit Fe-o-dor. Pat-ri-arch Lu-ka Khri-zo-verg co-gla-strength to consecrate Fe-o-do-ra, but not in mit-ro-po-li-you, but only in epi -sko-pa Vla-di-world-sko-go. At the same time, in an effort to preserve the thread of the races of Prince Andrey, the most vla-de-te-lei of the Russian land, he honored the epi-sko-pa Fe-o-do-ra with the right-of-no-she-niya of the white-lo-go clo-bu-ka that it was-lo in Ancient Rus-si from-li-chi-tel-ny sign of the church-kov-noy av-to-no-mii - from-west-but, how do-ro-zhi- whether with your white clo-boo-com ar-hi-epi-sko-py Ve-li-ko-go New-go-ro-da. Obviously, in this way, the Russian let-to-pi-si co-stor-no-li for the bishop Fe-o-do-rum pro-name “Be-ly clo-beech", and later is-to-ri-ki on-zy-va-yut it sometimes "av-to-ke-fal-ny epi-sko-pom".

In 1167, Saint Rosti-glory, the second-brother of Andrey, who knew how to bring mind-ro-your-re-nie into a complex -a-li-ti-che-sky and church life of that time, and a new mit-ro-po-lit was sent from Tsar-r-gra-yes Kon-stan-tin II. A new mit-ro-po-lit on-tre-bo-val, so that Bishop Fe-o-dor appears to him for approval. Saint An-drey again turned to Tsa-r-grad for confirmation of the sa-mo-sto-I-tel-no-sti of Vla-di-mir-sky dioceses and with a request for a mit-ro-po-lea. So-stored-ni-las from-vet-naya gra-mo-ta pat-ri-ar-ha Lu-ki Hri-zo-ver-ga, co-holding ka-te-go-ri- che-sky refusal in the arrangement of mit-ro-po-lea, tre-bo-va-nie to accept from-gnan-no-th bishop-pa-pa Leo-on and under-chi-thread- Xia Ki-ev-sko-mu mit-ro-po-li-tu.

Fulfilling the duty of the church-kov-no-go-of-hearing, St. An-drey convinced the epi-sko-pa Fe-o-do-ra with-ka-i-no -we’ll go to Ki-ev for the restoration of ka-but-no-che-from-no-she-ny with mit-ro-po-li-tom. For-ka-i-nie epi-sko-pa wouldn’t have come. Without co-bor-but-go di-bi-ra-tel-stva mit-ro-po-lit Kon-stan-tin in accordance with vi-zan-tiy-ski-mi nra-va -mi condemned him to a terrible execution: Fe-o-do-ru from-re-for-if the tongue, from-ru-bi-li right hand-ku, you-ko-lo-whether -behind. After this, he was drowned by a servant of mit-ro-po-li-ta (according to other sve-de-ni-pits, he soon died in the dark).

Not only chur-kov-nye, but also-li-ti-che-sky de la South-noy Rus-si in-tre-bo-wa-whether by this time-me-no re- shi-tel-no-go intermingling of the ve-li-ko-go-prince Vla-di-peace-go. Prince An-drei wished to give the first place to the Ro-sto-in-Suz-dal-region over all Russian lands; the primacy, however, was thought to be based on the sub-chi-non-nii of its own power of New-go-ro-da and Ki-e-va. Li-ti-ka, from-no-she-niyu to New-go-ro-du brought him to a clash with the princes of South Russia. On March 8, 1169, the army of the union princes, led by the son of Andrey Avenge, the glory of ovla-de-li Ki-e-vom. Russian let-to-pi-si ras-smat-ri-wa-whether this is an event as a well-deserved reward: “Behold, here I am for Greece hi them (ki-ev-lyan), pa-che for mit-ro-by-whose wrong. Prince An-drey himself remained in Vla-di-mi-re and did not participate in the way. For the hva-chen-ny city, he gave to the prince to his younger brother Gle-bu. This pre-not-bre-the-same to Ki-e-wu would-lo co-be-ti-em of the first-in-degree-pe-no-importance, co-be-ti-em, according to - in the mouth in Russian is-to-rii, in a way that the center of the Russian state-state life is not re-me-stil-sya on the se -ver, in the region of the upper Volga. The ancient hundred-face lost its former meaning, and instead of Ki-e-va, now it has become-la Vla-di-mir-skaya Se-ver-naya Russia, where there would be a strong single-but-der-zhav-naya princely power.

In the same year 1169, the prince moved the army to the non-kor-ny Novy-go-rod, but would they be from the bro-sh-na mi-house of the Nov-go-rod-skoy iko- noah God-she-her Ma-te-ri Know-me-niya (holiday-well-et-sya 27 November / 10 December), someone brought you to go- the ancestral wall of the holy ar-chi-bishop John († 1186; commemorated 7/20 September-September). But when the enemy-wise great prince pre-lo-lived anger at mercy and the world attracted new-go-rod-tsev to him, b-go- in-the-le-ment of God returned to him: The new-go-rod accepted the prince, appointed the holy prince An-dre-em.

St. An-drei in Ancient Russia was the first work-same-nick of the co-zi-da-nia of the Northern Rus-si, its strength-le-nia and rise-above -tion. And by the end of 1170, he had so-mid-to-the-chil in his hands power over all of Southern and Northern Russia and Nov-go-ro-dom.

One-on-one, according to God, in the forest, tra-ge-diya on-vis-la over the princely family of Bo-go-love. Back in 1165, mourning the death of his son Izya-s-la-va, Prince An-drey built-il for prayer for the deceased mo-on-stay Po-krov-sky is a verst from Bo-go-lu-bo-va, at the mouth of the river Ner-li in Klyaz-mu. Winter-my 1172 year-yes howl-ska prince-zya under co-man-do-va-ni-em son-on his revenge , one-on-one joy in-be-dy would-la omra-che-on-death dob-flattering-no-go Avenge-glory-va. In 1174, the youngest son of the great prince, St. Gleb, died for a-daughter-death (commemorated June 20 / July 3) . Soon a thunder-for-hung-la and over the holy prince An-dre-em.

After the death of his son-no-wei, the great prince lived in Bo-go-lu-bo-ve. Despite the chr-sti-an--sky good-ro-de-te-whether prince-zya, through-you-tea-nuyu good-ro-that of him and bless-go-che-st, by- does he have secret za-wist-ni-ki and enemies from among his close wives. But the blessed prince did not pay attention to them, continuing in the solitude of Bo-go-lu-bo-va in motion -che-sky about-time of her life. Often he spent no-chi on prayer, looking at the face of the Lord and His saints with a broken heart and tears mi-ka-i-niya. He heard about secret goats, hostile deb-but against him, arranged-I-e-myh, but he thought to himself: “If and the Lord, yes, I can e-go-p-wh-whether spa-sa-e-my people, then in la-ga-yu-shu-shu for his friends there is His faithful disciple ” .

Yes, but about Christ, not only believe in Him, but also suffer for Him (), - the apostle wrote to some of his disciples. The same gift was given to the blessed prince Andrey. For his living, fiery love for the Lord, he was honored with a suffering end. On the night of June 30, 1174, the holy prince An-drey Bo-go-lyub-sky took mu-che-no-che-kon-chi-well from ru-ki from-men-no- kov in his God-loving castle. The Tver-sky let-the-piss reports that Saint An-drey was killed at the instigation of his wife, participating in-vav-shey in for-go- in-re. At the head of for-go-vo-ra, I-whether her brothers, bo-yar Kuch-ko-vi-chi, as well as the region-go-de-tel-stvo-van-ny connections -tym An-dre-em key-nickname Yasin (ka-bar-di-nets), An-bal and baptized Jew Eph-rem Mo-i-zich, some-rye, boo- duchi go-you-to-give everything for money, “so-ve-shcha-sha murder-stvo for the night, like Judas on the Lord.” And come-join-or-whether they come to you even before the age of 16: one-not because of-go-thief-schi-kov py-la-whether evil-fight for that the right prince did not allow them, in the future, to hope for them, it’s good to live at the expense of others; others were torn from for-wi-sti and him-to-wa-whether at the prince because he is faithful and the best servant of his Pro- co-piya from-li-chal especially-ben-noy lu-bo-view. All of them were wasps-pa-na mi-lo-stya-mi prince-zya, and An-bal was full of races-by-ry-di-te-lem in the house of the host prince-zya, but passion, the same as hell, will not say: enough. In the dead of night, in-weapons-women-for-go-thief-schi-ki came to the palace in Bo-go-lu-bo-vo, pe-re-bi-li ma- lo-numbers-len-nuyu security-well and vlo-mi-lis in se-ni. But, when they began to approach the prince’s rampart, horror fell on them - they rushed to run away from the hay, in a row the prince-same-drank wine-on and drunken-non-shie went again. The killers became a lo-mother and you-lo-ma-whether two-ri. Prince An-drey jumped up, wanted to grab a sword, someone was always with him (he brought over the holy prince Bo-ri-su), but me -cha not be-lo, - the key-nick An-bal stole it in the afternoon. The prince managed to throw on the floor the first of the on-pa-da-shih, someone-ro-go-community-ki immediately, by mistake, pierced-zi-li-me- cha-mi. But soon they will realize their mistake, “and in this way you know the prince, and be-rya-hu-sya with him vel-mi, bya-she bo si-len , and se-ko-sha and me-cha-mi and sab-la-mi, and co-drinking tongues you give him. Ko-drink was beaten from the side of the forehead of the holy prince, all the other blows were cowardly killers on-but-si-li from behind. “Unholy-stiv-tsy! he shouted to them. - What evil have I done to you? The Lord will take vengeance on you for my blood and for ungratefulness to my mercy. When the prince finally fell, they rushed out of the opo-chi-val-ni, capturing the kill-of-the-community-no-ka. But the saint was still alive. He got up on his feet and in a demonic mind, groaning loudly, went out into the se-ni, following him, he went down along the palace-tso-howling ladder-no-tse, on-de-is to call the guards. But the groaning of him would have been heard by the killers-tsa-mi, they are, in a way, well, back and forth. The prince was able to hide in a niche under the ladder-no-tsey and raz-mi-nut-sya with them. For-go-thief-schi-ki ran-whether to opo-chi-val-nu and didn’t find the prince there. “We have to die, for the prince is alive,” the murderers screamed in horror. But it was quiet all around, no one came to help the holy sufferer. Then the evil-doers dared again, lit the candles and, following the bloody trail, went to look for their victim. Mo-lit-va was on the lips of St. Andrew, when he was again about-stu-pi-li-tsy. Boyarin Ioakim Kuch-ko-vich smashed his hand, others stuck swords in the chest. “Lord, in Thy hands I betray my spirit,” the holy prince-mu-che-nick managed to say and died. It would have been a night from June 29 to June 30, 1174. In the morning of the next day, the killers of the ogre-bi-li in the palace of the prince-zhe se-reb-ro, golden, expensive stones, pearls, weaving -no and from-great-vi-whether robbed-len-noe at home. For-themselves and through their-them-their-but-wa-whether against the faithful ranks-nov-no-kov of the prince-zya, began to rob and kill -stva such that it would be scary to look, it is obvious.

The holy body of the bla-go-ver-no-th prince, thrown in ho-ro-de, va-la-moose without pre-zo-ra. Then the faithful servant of ki-ev-lya-nin Kos-ma, having found him, stood and wept bitterly over him. Seeing An-ba-la, going to the palace, Kos-ma shouted to him: “Give me a ko-ver or something to cover the prince.” “Leave him,” said An-bal with angrily, “we are ki-well-whether he is to be eaten by dogs.” "Monster! - re-click-zero good-ro-dear-ny servant. - Do you remember in which ru-bi-sche you came to the prince-zyu? Now you are in a bar-ha-te, and the prince, your bless-de-tel, lies naked. An-bal gave co-ver and epan-chu, Kos-ma covered the body of the deceased and put it in the church-vi, where it remained two days and two nights. On the third day, when the rebellion had not yet ended, the kos-mo-dem-yan-sky higu-men Ar-se-niy gave the possible honor to the murderer en-no-mu blah-go-your-ri-te-lu-knya-zyu. “How long do we have to wait for the races of the elders? - he said. - Inappropriately personal, but so lying prince-zyu. Oto-at-the-the-church and co-execute due. We will put it in some kind of coffin, until this evil-ba-ba does not stop, and then they will come from Vla-di-mir and take it for in-gre-be-niya. The kli-ro-shans of the bo-go-lyub-skie got together, lifted the bodies and brought them into the church and, from-singing in a gre-bal-noe with a yoke-me -nom Ar-se-ni-em, lower-sti-li in mo-gi-lu, you-lo-wife-nuyu stone. Meanwhile, bad people, appearing from the villages, continue to gra-be-zhi in the city. The mob was excited, but in Vla-di-mi-re, but the pre-swee-ter Ni-ko-lai, who once brought together with the prince-zem iko-well Vla- dy-chi-tsy from you-sh-go-ro-yes, dressed in sacred ri-zy and began to walk with a miraculously creative icon, uh-va -ri-vaya people to stop the demon-in-a-row-ki-in-liya, never please the Lord; finally, the excitement of passions subsided. On the sixth day, when the worries subsided, the vlad-di-mir-tsy went after the body of the prince in Bo-go-lu-bo-vo. Seeing the prince’s banner, someone carrying it in front of the coffin, the people wept, remembering that for the murdered prince, the earth would be lo many good deeds. Solemnly, but with a gre-bal-na-mi dog-but-pe-ni-i-mi and a cry-than the spirit-ho-ven-stvo and a people with a cry-than-yes -whether the earth is an honest body of the prince in the evil-upper Assumption co-bo-re, whom he himself co-created.

And for-the-key-cha-et let-the-pi-sets tro-ha-tel-noe say-for-mi words-va-mi dog-lom-ski-mi: “This Prince An-drey at didn’t give life to his body in a different way, even to the eyes of dre-ma-nia, until he didn’t find a true house, with-be-living to all hri-sti-a-nom and the Tsar-ri-tsy of the Heavenly Forces, many-gi-mi-different-we-mi-pa-ty-mi with-in-dia-schey to the spa-se-niyu che -lo-ve-com. Whom the Lord loves, then and on-ka-zu-et, go-to-rit the apo-table, and to the red-to-mu sun define-de-line its drain, and half a day, and for-cat; so the pleasure of His own, Prince Andrey, did not lead to Himself in the usual way, although he could have saved his soul otherwise shu, but mu-che-no-che-blood washing his transgression, together with the same-blood-we-and the same-soul-we-we are afraid of him -one hundred-terp-tsa-mi Ro-ma-nom and Da-vi-dom introduced him to heavenly bliss.

Russia Pra-in-glorious with b-go-dar-no-stu honors the memory of St. Andrew Bo-go-loving. The holy prince appeared to him one of the brightest faces of the father's history, and not in vain, but compare his modern no-ki with the mole-kim Da-vi-house and the wise-rym So-lo-mo-nom. Its de-I-tel-ness, according to the inescapable Pro-mys-lu of God, was the basis of the new-howl for the establishment of Se-ve-ro- Eastern Ru-si. An-drei Bo-go-lub-sky, becoming the first ve-li-ko-Russian prince-zem, his de-ya-tel-no-stu-lo-lived on-cha-lo and in-ka-hall sampled in their own way; in the wake of him, with the b-go-at-yat-nyh about-hundred-I-tel-stva before-hundred-I-lo-do-to-sew what is on-me-che-but-lo them pra-ro-di-te-lem. Bless-go-go-ve-lo before him offspring, and the Church admitted him to the face of her heavenly steps-ni-kov together with other saints -shchen-ny-mi vie-tya-zya-mi kind of him Vla-di-mi-ra.

But only in later times, already in the days of Peter I, in 1702, zya Nev-sko-go (pa-myat 23 Nov-Nov-rya / 6 de-kab-rya) in the new hundred-li-ru-si, about-re-te-we would be to ob- more consolation in the Cathedral of the Dormition Church, the imperishable relics of Prince Andrey and the young son of his prince Gle-ba. Honest relics of St. bl-gv. Prince An-drey would have been the same in the pri-de-le in honor of the Blessing of the Pre-holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy (in 1768 year he was pe-re-ime-no-van in honor of his name). Since then, the number of blessed-faithful princes has become even more, autumn-ny-y-ing-with-the-blood of their own ancient city of Vla- di world.

Pe-re-not-se-nie mit-ro-po-li-whose cafe from Ki-e-va to Vla-di-world mit-ro-po-li-tom Mak-si-mom in 1299, and then mit-ro-po-li-tom Peter in 1325 in Moscow was a vi-di-my sign of incessant-stand-but-go pe-che-niya and in-kro-va Pre-holy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy over the Russian land. In 1326, in Moscow, under John Ka-li-te, the Assumption Cathedral was built, and Moscow began to rise. In a short time, she became the center of Se-ve-ro-Vo-drain-noy Rus-si, some-ruyu os-no-shaft of St. An-drey Bo-go -loving.

Another biography of the right-believing Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Holy b-go-faithful prince An-drey Bo-go-lyub-sky (1110-1174), grandson of Vla-di-mi-ra Mo-no-ma-ha, son of Yuri Dol-go-ru -something and in the same way as a princess (in the Holy Baptism of Mary), even in his youth he was called Bo-go-lyub-sky for a hundred -yan-but inherent to him deep-bo-some mo-lit-vein-noe attention, attachment to church services and "uta-en- nyh prayers to God appropriation". From de-yes, Vla-di-mi-ra Mo-no-ma-ha, the grandson of the una-le-to-val-ve-li-spiritual co-environment-to-that-chen-ness, love for the Word of God and the habit of referring to Pi-sa-nia in all cases of life.

Brave warrior (An-drey means "masculine"), a participant in many of the moves of his own in-in-stven-but- th father, more than once in battles he was close to death. But every time, the Pro-thought of God is invisible-mo spa-sal of the prince-zya-mo-lit-vein-no-ka. So, on February 8, 1150, in the battle near Lutsk, St. An-drey was saved from a co-drink of a German-who-on-em-no-ka mo-lit- a howl to the ve-li-ko-mu-che-ni-ku Fe-o-do-ru Stra-ti-la-tu, whose memory was made that day.

At the same time, let-the-scribes under-cher-ki-wa-yut the mi-ro-creative gift of St. Andrew, red cue in princes and half- ko-vod-tsakh of that su-ro-in-th time. Co-che-ta-nie in-in-sky dob-le-sti with mi-ro-lu-bi-em and mi-lo-ser-di-em, ve-li-ko-go-smi-re-nia with my uncontrollable zeal for the Church, it would have been in the highest degree with-su-prince of Prince Andrey. Ra-chi-tel-ny ho-zya-in of the earth, in a hundred-yan-ny co-work-nick in the city-to-building-and-tel-noy and temple-mo-building-tel-noy de-i-tel-no-sti of Yuri Dol-go-ru-ko-go, he builds with his father Moscow-va (1147), Yuryev-Pol-sky (1152), Dmit-rov (1154) , decorate-sha-et temple-ma-mi Rostov, Suz-dal, Vla-di-mir. In 1162, St. An-drey, with the pleasure of-your-re-ni-em, could say: "I White Russia go-ro-da-mi and se-la-mi for-stro -silt and did a lot of people."

When, in 1154, Yuri Dol-go-ru-kiy became the great prince of Ki-ev-sky, he gave his son to the lot of you-sh-go-rod under Ki-e- pom. But God judged otherwise. One-on-one-night, it was in the summer of 1155, yes, moved in the you-th-rod-shrine of the miracle-to-creative icon-on Bo -ji-her Ma-te-ri, pi-san-naya with the holy evan-ge-li-stom Lu-koy, not long before that, not-sen-naya from Tsa-r- city ​​and named in the aftermath of Vla-di-mir-sky. On the same night, with the icon in hand, moved from you-sh-go-ro-yes to the north, to the Suz-dal-sky land, the holy prince An-drey, tai-but, without from-th b-go-word-ve-tion, in-vi-well-being only in-le God-s-her.

Chu-de-sa from the holy icon-na, former on the way from you-sh-go-ro-da to Vla-di-mi-ra, would it be for-pi-sa-ny du -hov-no-one of Prince Andrey "po-pom Mi-ku-li-tsey" (Ni-ko-la-em) in "Tale of the Chu-de-sah Vla-di- worldly icon of God-she-her Ma-te-ri".

In de-sya-ty versts from Vla-di-mi-ra, the ko-ni, carrying the icon-well to Rostov, suddenly stopped. But whose prince-zyu Andrey appeared to Bo-go-ro-di-tsa with a scroll in his hands and pri-ka-za-la: "I don’t want to, but I carry my image -shi to Rostov, but put it in Vla-di-mi-re, and in this place, in the name of My-e-th Nativity, the church is stone-built -no". In the memory of the miraculous co-existence, the holy An-drey ordered the iko-no-scribes to-pi-sat iko-well God-she-she Ma-te- ri such as the Pre-clean flock appeared to him, and set up the celebration of this icon on June 18. Iko-na, called Bo-go-love-sky, pro-glory-was in the aftermath of many-numbers-len-us-mi-chu-do-your-re-ni- i-mi

On the indicated Tsar-ri-tsei Heavenly place, built by the prince-earth An-dre-em (in 1159), the temple of the Nativity of Bo-go-ro-di -tsy and for-lo-women the city of Bo-go-lyubov, which became its hundred-yan-th place-to-pre-be-va-ni-em and the place of mu-che -no-che-con-chi-we.

When his father, Yuri Dol-go-ru-ky († May 15, 1157), died, Saint Andrew did not go to his father’s table, to Kiev, but remained on the prince -nii in Vla-di-mi-re. In 1158-1160. the Assumption Cathedral was built in Vla-di-mi-re, in some-ry-ry-me-sche-on Vla-di-mir-skaya icon-on Bo-zhi-she Ma -te-ri. In 1164, the year of the construction of the Golden Vo-ro-ta in Vla-di-mi-re with the gate-church-to-view Po-lo-zhe Ri- zy Bo-go-ma-te-ri and the church of the Spa-sa on the Prince's courtyard.

Thirty temples were co-created by the holy prince An-dre-em for the years of his reign. The best of them is the Assumption Cathedral. Wealth and blessing-go-le-pie of the temple-ma-serve-lo-races-pro-country-non-right-to-glory among the surroundings -dov and foreign-zem-tsev-merchants. All visitors, and la-ti-nyan, and tongues-ni-kov, Saint An-drey at-ka-zy-val to go to the erection of the temples that they have and in-ka-zy-vat them "is-tin-noe khri-sti-an-stvo". Le-to-pi-setz pi-shet: "both bol-ga-re, and zhi-do-ve, and all in-gan, vi-dev-she the glory of God and the decoration of the church -kov-noe, baptized. "

For-in-e-va-nie V-li-ko-go Volzh-sko-go-pu-ti became for St. -stven-no-go service to Russia. Volga Bolgaria since the time of the rise of Holy Glory († 972) has become a serious danger to Russian -su-gifts. St. An-drey became a pro-du-zha-te-lem de la Holy-to-glory-va.

A co-cruci-shi-tel-ny blow to the enemy was on-not-sen in 1164, when the Russian troops co-burned and raz-ru-shi-whether a few more -gar-sky kre-po-stey. Saint An-drey took with him on this trip the Vla-di-mir-icon-well of God-mother Ma-te-ri and a two-sided icon-well, on which -then a swarm would be an image of the brother-wife "Saved Nehru-to-your-ren-ny" on one side and "By-klo-not-nie Kre-stu" - on the other goy. (At present, both icons are in the State Tretyakov Gallery.)

We-whether-something-would-be-lo yav-le-but Russian-to howl-sku from the holy icons on the day of re-sha-yu-shchey over the bol-ha-ra- mi, 1 august 1164. After the time of the gro-ma of the Bol-gar-sko-go-how-ska, the prince-zya (An-drey, his brother Yaroslav, son of Izya-s-lav, etc.) returned to the "foot -tsam "(pe-ho-te), standing under the prince-same-ski-mi stya-ga-mi at the Vla-di-mir-sky icon-na, and the icon , "praise-ly and dog-no air-yes-va-yu-shche her." And then everyone saw-de-blindly-beams of light, emanating from whether Bo-go-ro-di-tsy and from Nehru-ko- creative Spa-sa.

Remaining in everything the faithful son of the great-glorious church, blu-sti-te-lem of faith and ka-no-nov, Saint An-drey ob-ra -til-sya in Tsa-r-grad to pat-ri-ar-hu with sons-new-her request-fight for the establishment of a special-fight mit-ro-po-lea for Se-ve-ro- Eastern Ru-si. With the co-responsibility of the prince-same gra-mo-toy in Vi-zan-tia from-prav-vil-sya from-branded prince-zem kan-di-dat in mit -ro-po-li-you - Suz-dal-sky ar-khi-mand-rit Fe-o-dor. Pat-ri-arch Lu-ka Khri-zo-verg so-gla-sil-sya to consecrate Fe-o-do-ra, but not in mit-ro-po-li-ta, but only in epi -sko-pa Vla-di-world-sko-go. At the same time, in an effort to preserve the thread of the races of Prince Andrey, the most vla-de-te-lei of the Russian land, he honored the epi-sko-pa Fe-o-do-ra with the right-of-no-she-niya of the white-lo-go clo-bu-ka that it was-lo in ancient Rus-si from-li-chi-tel-ny sign of the church-kov-noy av-to-no-mii - from-west-but, how do-ro-zhi- whether with your white clo-boo-com ar-hi-epi-sko-py Ve-li-ko-go New-go-ro-da. Obviously, in this way, Russian let-to-pi-si co-stor-no-li for the bishop Fe-o-do-rum pro-name "Be-ly Klo-buk", and later is-to-ri-ki on-zy-va-yut it sometimes "av-to-ke-fal-ny epi-sko-pom".

In 1167, Saint Rosti-glory, the second-brother of Andrey, who knew how to bring mind-ro-your-re-nie into a complex -a-li-ti-che-sky and church life of that time, and a new mit-ro-po-lit was sent from Tsar-r-gra-yes , Kon-stan-tin II. A new mit-ro-po-lit on-tre-bo-val, so that Bishop Fe-o-dor appears to him for approval. Saint An-drey again turned to Tsa-r-grad for confirmation of the sa-mo-sto-I-tel-no-sti of Vla-di-mir-sky dioceses and with a request for a mit-ro-po-lea. So-stored-ni-las from-vet-naya gra-mo-ta pat-ri-ar-ha Lu-ki Hri-zo-ver-ga, co-holding ka-te-go-ri- che-sky refusal in the arrangement of mit-ro-po-lea, tre-bo-va-nie to accept from-gnan-no-th bishop-pa-pa Leo-on and under-chi- thread-Xia Ki-ev-sko-mu mit-ro-po-li-tu.

Fulfilling the duty of the church-kov-no-go-of-hearing, St. An-drey convinced the epi-sko-pa Fe-o-do-ra with-ka-i-no -we’ll go to Ki-ev for the restoration of ka-but-no-che-from-no-she-ny with mit-ro-po-li-tom. For-ka-i-nie epi-sko-pa Fe-o-do-ra would not have received something. Without co-bor-but-go di-bi-ra-tel-stva mit-ro-po-lit Kon-stan-tin in accordance with vi-zan-tiy-ski-mi nra-va -mi condemned him to a terrible execution: Fe-o-do-ru from-re-for-if the tongue, from-ru-bi-li right hand-ku, you-ko-lo-whether -behind. After this, he was drowned by a servant of mit-ro-po-li-ta (according to other sve-de-ni-pits, he soon died in the dark).

Not only chur-kov-nye, but also-li-ti-che-sky de la South-noy Rus-si in-tre-bo-wa-whether by this time-me-no re- shi-tel-no-go intermingling of the ve-li-ko-go-prince Vla-di-peace-go. On March 8, 1169, the army of the union princes, led by the son of Andrey Avenge, the glory of ovla-de-li Ki-e-vom. The city was smashed-thunder-flax and burnt, participating in-ho-de-fishing-tsy not-by-di-whether and church co-cre vishch. Russian let-to-pi-si ras-smat-ri-wa-whether this is an event as a-for-a-service-for-mez-die: "behold, here I am for Greece hi them (ki-ev-lyan), pa-che for mit-ro-by-whose wrong." In the same year 1169, the prince moved the army to the non-kor-ny Novy-go-rod, but would they be from the bro-sh-na mi-house of the Nov-go-rod-skoy iko- we are of God-her Ma-te-ri Know-me-nia (holiday-well-et-sya November 27), you-carried someone to the city wall of the holy ar-chi-bishop John († 1186, commemorated September 7-th). But when the enemy-wise great prince pre-lo-lived anger at mercy and the world attracted new-go-rod-tsev to him, b-go- in-the-le-ment of God returned to him: The new-go-rod accepted the prince, appointed the holy prince An-dre-em.

In such a way, by the end of 1170, Bo-go-lyub-sky su-chalk to beat the unification of the Russian land under its own power -stu.

In the winter of 1172, he sent a large army to the Volga Bol-gary under command-to-va-ni-em of the son of Avenge-glory-va. The war-ska-was-whether in trouble, her joy was-la omra-che-at the death of good-flattering-no-go Avenge-glory-va († March 28, 1172- Yes).

On the night of June 30, 1174, the holy prince An-drey Bo-go-lyub-sky took mu-che-no-che-kon-chi-well from ru-ki from-men-no- kov in his God-loving castle. "Tver-skaya let-to-piss" reports that St. An-drey was killed at the instigation of his wife, participating in-vav-shey in go-in-re. At the head of for-go-vo-ra, I-whether her brothers, Kuch-ko-vi-chi: "and the sve-sha-sha murder-stvo for the night, like Judas on the Lord -Yes". A crowd of murderers, twenty-twenty people, made their way to the palace, re-re-bi-la ma-lo-numbers-len-th protection and broke into opo-chi-val-nu without-weapon-no-th prince-zya. The sword of St. Bo-ri-s, in a hundred-yang-but vis-si-si-shi above him in a ste-le, was pre-da-tel-ski in-chi-schen that night the key no-one An-ba-lom. The prince managed to throw down on the floor of the first of the on-pa-da-shih, someone-ro-go-common-no-ki immediately, by mistake, pierced-zi-li-me- cha-mi. But soon they realized their mistake: "and in this way you know the prince, and he was with him, bya-she bo si-len , and se-ko-sha and me-cha-mi and sab-la-mi, and co-pii-nye yaz-you da-sha to him. Ko-drink was beaten from the side of the forehead of the holy prince, all the other blows were cowardly killers on-but-si-li from behind. When the prince finally fell, they rushed out of the opo-chi-val-ni, capturing the kill-of-the-community-no-ka.

But the saint was still alive. In the wake of his effort, he descended down the courtyard-to-howl ladder-no-tse, de-lying to call the guards. But the groaning of him would have been heard by the killers-tsa-mi, they are, in a way, well, back and forth. The prince was able to hide in a niche under the ladder-no-tsey and raz-mi-nut-sya with them. For-go-thief-schi-ki ran-whether to opo-chi-val-nu and didn’t find the prince there. “We have to die, for the prince is alive,” the murderers scream in horror. But it was quiet all around, no one came to help the holy sufferer. Then the evil-doers dared again, lit the candles and, following the bloody trail, went to look for their victim. Mo-lit-va was on the lips of St. Andrew, when he was again about-stu-pi-li-tsy.

The Russian Church remembers and honors its mu-che-no-kov and so-zi-da-te-lei. An-drey Bo-go-loving-mu has a special place in it. Taking in his hands the miraculous image of the Vla-di-mir God of God Ma-te-ri, the holy prince, as it were, blessed them from now on and up to the century of the main events of Russian history. 1395 - re-re-not-se-ning of the Vla-di-mir-sky icon of God-she-her Ma-te-ri in Moscow and from the processions of Ta-mer-la-na (holiday-well-et-sya 26 Aug-gu-hundred); 1480 - the spa-se-nie of Rus-si from the invasion of ha-na Ah-ma-ta and the end-cha-tel-noe pa-de-nie of the mon-gol-sko-go-yoke (holiday-well -et-sya June 23); 1521 - the spa-se-ing of Moscow from the invasion of the Crimea-go ha-na Mah-met-Gi-ray (holiday-well-et-sya on May 21). Mo-lit-va-mi of St. Andrew came true over the Russian Church-to-view of his most-for-vet-ny tea-i-nia. In 1300, mi-ro-po-lit Mak-sim re-carried the All-Russian mi-ro-po-li-whose department from Ki-e-va to Vla- di-world, made-lav Assumption Cathedral, where the relics of St. the temple of the Russian Church, and the Vla-di-mir miraculous-to-creative icon-well - its main saint-you-her. Later, when the general Russian church center shifted to Moscow, in front of the Vla-di-mir icon-co-ver-sha-moose from the marriage of mit-ro-po-li-tov and pat-ri-ar-hov of the Russian Church. In 1448, in front of her, there was a co-op-shi-elk to become So-bo-rum of the Russian bishops of the first Russian av-to-ke-fal -no-go-mit-ro-po-li-ta - holy-ti-te-la Jonah. On November 5, 1917, before her, co-ver-shi-elk from-the-bring-of-the-she-th pat-ri-ar-ha - the first after the resurrection -new-le-niya pat-ri-ar-she-stva in the Russian Church. In 1971, on the feast of the Vla-di-Mir-icon of God of God, Ma-te-ri, I was in-tro-ni-zats-ia of the saints -she-go pat-ri-ar-ha Pi-me-na.

Li-tour-gi-che-sky de-I-tel-ness of St. Andrey would have been many-grand-on and fruit-to-creation. In 1162, the Lord sent b-go-ver-no-mu prince-zyu a great consolation: in Ro-sto-ve were there about-re-te-we the mo-schi of the favors of the Rostov-skys - the holy-ti-te-lei of Is-ayi and Leon-ty. General-church-noe pro-glorification of the Rostov saints-ti-te-lei a little bit later, but for-cha-lo their people -no-mu in-chi-ta-nyu-lo-lived Prince An-drey. In 1164, the howl-ska of Bo-go-love-s-go once-gro-mi-whether it was a long time ago enemy, the Volga Bol-gary. In-be-dy of the right-in-glory-no-go-on-ro-yes, would you know-me-but-va-ny races-whether-tour-gi-che-th-th creative-che -stva in the Russian Church. That year, according to the chi-well of St. Andrew the Church, the mouth-no-vi-la feast-no-va-nie All-my-lo-sti-vo-mu Spa-su and Pre - holy Bo-go-ro-di-tse 1 av-gu-sta (in chi-ta-e-my Russian on-ro-house "ho-do-vy Savior"), - in pa - to remember about the Baptism of Rus-si with the saints equal-noap-o-so-ny Vla-di-mir and in pa-myat in-be-dy over the bol-ga-ra-mi in 1164 go-du. Established soon-re holiday Po-kro-va God-she Ma-te-ri October 1-rya incarnated in li-tour-gi-che-sky forms ve-ru of the holy prince-zya and all-right-in-glory-no-go-on-ro-yes in the acceptance of Bo-go-ro-di-tsey of Holy Rus-si under Your omo-for. The cover of God-she-her Ma-te-ri became one of the favorite Russian church holidays. Shelter - a Russian national holiday, unknown to either the Latin Za-pa-du, or the Greek Vo-sto-ku . He is-la-is-sya whether-tour-gi-che-skim about-long-same-ni-em and creative raz-vi-ti-em of divine-word-ideas, for- lo-wife-nyh in the holiday Po-lo-zhe-niya Ri-zy Bo-go-ro-di-tsy July 2.

The first temple, dedicated to a new holiday, was the Intercession on Ner-li (1165), for-me-cha-tel-ny memorial nickname of the Russian church-of-the-no-th-architecture, erected-well-well ma-ste-ra-mi of the holy prince Andrey in the flood-me-re- ki Ner-li so that the prince could always see him from the windows of his Bo-go-love-bo-go-te-re-ma.

St. An-drey had no-small direct participation in the li-te-ra-tour-work of the vla-di-mir-church-kov-nyh pi-sa- te-ley. He joins the walls to the creation of the service of the Cross (the oldest list - in the first Psal-ti-ri of the XIV century. State Historical Museum, Syn. 431), pro-false-no-th-saying about the establishment of a feast-of-a-kro-va (Ve-li-kie Mi-nei Che-tyi. Ok- October, St. Petersburg, 1870, columns 4-5), "Words for the Cover" (ibid., columns 6, 17). They are na-pi-sa-no "The story of the be-de over the bol-ga-ra-mi and the establishment of the new-le-ni celebration of the Spa-sa in 1164" , someone in some old ru-ko-pee-syah and on-zy-va-et-sya: "The word about the mercy of God-zhi- to her, ve-is-who-of-prince-zya Andrey Bo-go-loving-go-go "(from-yes-but two-wait: Tale of chu-de-sah Vla-di-world icon of the Mother of God, with pre-di-word by V. O. Klyu-chev-sko-go, Moscow, 1878, pp. 21-26; -be-lin I.E. Traces of whether-te-ra-tur-no-go labor-yes Andrey Bo-go-love-go. - "Ar-heo-lo-gi-che- skye of news and notes", 1895, No. 2-Z). The participation of Bo-go-loving-for-met-but and in the composition of the Vla-di-mir-go-le-to-pis-no-go-yes of 1177 yes, after the death of the prince, after the death of the prince, his spirit-no-one, in the help of Mi-ku-loy, someone included in him a special buyu "The tale of the murder of St. Andrew." By the time of An-drey from-no-sit-sya and window-cha-tel-naya redaction "Tale of Boris and Gle-be", in-shed -shay in the "Assumption collection". The prince was a special ben-ny in-chi-ta-te-lem of the holy mu-che-no-ka Bo-ri-sa, the main home-machine of his holy-you-her la hat of St. Bo-ri-s. The sword of St. Bo-ri-s always hung over his bed. Pa-myat-no-one mo-lit-ven-no-go inhale-but-ve-niya of the holy prince An-drey yav-la-et-sya so "Mo-lit-va ", out-of-sept-naya in the summer-writing under 1096, after "According to the teachings of Vla-di-mi-ra Mo-no-ma-ha".

Prayers

Troparion to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

As you are faithful and righteous, / for the love of Christ God you accepted death from your own, / having shed your blood, / as before your relatives and martyrs Boris and Gleb, / even your blood cries out with blood, holy, to God, / like Abel and Zechariah righteous, / faithful passion-bearer, great prince Andrey, / pray with Christ God for our country, to be pleasing to God // and be saved by the sons of Russia.

Translation: As a faithful and righteous one, for the love of Christ God from your own, you accepted death, shedding your blood, as before your relatives and Boris and Gleb, along with their blood, your blood cries out, holy, to God, like Abel and Zechariah the righteous ( ; ) , faithful passion-bearer, Grand Duke Andrei, with them, pray to Christ God for our country, so that it may be pleasing to God, and the sons of Russia be saved.

Introparion to the Right-Believing Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Also, in your life, Chini was surprised at the alphabelism:/ Kako with the one to the invisible weaved, I had the haunt,/ and he was injected with the childish half of the night. .

Translation: The angelic hosts were surprised at your life in the flesh: how you, clothed in a body, entered into a fight with an invisible enemy and struck down the demons of the regiment, all-praised. For that, Andrei, Christ rewarded you with rich gifts; therefore, Father, intercede [before Christ God] for the salvation of our souls.

Родочисленный Ца́рства Ру́сскаго насле́дниче, от благочести́ваго корня кня́зя Юрия плодитель первоначальствующих Ру́сских Самоде́ржцев, Боголю́бче кня́же Андре́е, му́жество и у́м в себе́ нося́щий, в пра́вде и и́стине пред Бо́гом ходя́щий, о, ве́лий единодержавный основа́телю государства но́ваго, моли́ся, да Бе́лая Ру́сь многолюдством правосла́внаго ро́да multiply, and marvelously appear as the light of Christ to the whole world, and be magnified by the glory of God.

Translation: The only-begotten heir to the Kingdom of Russia, from the pious root of Prince Yuri, the parent of the original Russian autocrats, the God-loving Prince Andrei, endowed with courage and intelligence, walking in truth and truth before God, O great autocratic founder of the new state, pray that White Russia will multiply by Orthodox people, and amazingly was the light of Christ for the whole world, and was exalted by the glory of God.

Magnification to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

We magnify you, holy great noble prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, and honor your holy memory, as you fought gloriously in battle with the enemies of the Savior Christ our God.
And packs: We magnify you, holy passion-bearer and martyr Prince Andrew, and honor your honest suffering, who for Russia endured holy death and glorified God Christ.
And packs: We magnify you, Holy Great Martyr Prince Andrey, and honor the holy monastery of the Theotokos, whom you miraculously raised up on the Russian Land, and marvelously glorified by God Christ.
And packs: We magnify you, holy great faithful God-loving prince Andrey, quite a passion-bearer and martyr, and honor your holy memory, the wise founder of the holy monastery of the God-loving and many temples of God to the creator.

Prayer to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Oh, holy noble great prince Andrey of Bogolyubsky! Faithful and Theologian servant of God, a devout and God-fearing Christian, a virtuous and God-wise man, an all-honorable warrior and a voevodo, a good-natured ruler, a sovereign and daring ruler! Holy Russia divided into destinies and principalities, who, by God’s desire, wants to gather into a single Russian Kingdom and rule it sovereignly, may it be invincible from all enemies, visible and invisible, who rise up against Orthodox Christians. Да не тщетны бу́дут твои́ святи́и дея́ния во сла́ву и че́сть Бо́га Христиа́нскаго, иде́же твое́ Богосве́тлое строе́ние Бо́гом люби́маго Ца́рства Правосла́внаго на Ру́сской Земле́ зри́м и велича́ем, егда́ сто́льный гра́д Влади́мир и Боголюби́вую оби́тель Пресвяте́й Богоро́дице воздви́гнувый, иде́же ты́ в не́й посреди́ но́щи неповинне злочестивыми и клятвопреступными Taken by his servants and lawlessly and with the most cruel swords killed by their hands, and bleeding with his honest blood, he laid a firm foundation for the autocracy of Orthodox Russia. And now we, sinful servants of God (names), in the praying non -tobicant representation we believe, and the martyr’s life captivated, we can, let the Lord be delivered from the sulfur and from the bloody sacrifices and the Jews , the fearless warrior of Christ, who always fought on the fields of the earthly battle with many enemies for the Holy Faith and the Fatherland, and showing such wondrous glory of God's victories to the whole Russian Land. And you, who is the holding governor and the holy martyr, and always bold about the prayer, the God -loving and unspoken to the creator of the Holy Rus, in the holy relics of diomas, and in the sinking and in the intercourse, to be restless, and they were opposed to the alien. And the anti-stani with many saints princes, the princes, and more with the holy by the equal-to-the-Apostal General Prince Vladimir and the Holy Equal-tolerated Princess Olga, and with the great princes of the first martyrs, Boris and the Holy of Holy, and with the Holy of Blagia, and with the Holy of the High-Medican, and with the Holy of the Martyr, and with the priestesses, Georgy Vsevolodovich of Vladimir, together with your God-bright sons, the martyr princes Gleb of Vladimir and the brave Izyaslav, may the House of the Most Holy Theotokos, All Russia, the Sovereign Lady, be glorified and shine through you, Prince Andrew, in all Andreys, through their help The Russian land will be filled with the pious Christian race with the blessing of the Mother of God, and by the Grace of Her many miraculous icons of Vladimir and Bogolyubskaya, and the glory of Orthodox Russia will be comforted and strengthened, and will shine with the Immaterial and Life-giving light, the Holy Spirit, God the Father. Amen.

Second Prayer to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Oh, great saint Prince Andrew, great martyr and passion-bearer, you, more than many other fellow tribesmen of your kind, for your piety and veneration of God, were loved by the Theotokos, and before Her you constantly intercede for the greatness and glory of Holy Russia. Pray strong for us sinful servants of God (names), и о все́х правосла́вных чадах Земли́ Ру́сской, и я́коже Богому́дрый оте́ц и Держа́вный воево́до прему́дро возрасти́вший в стра́се Бо́жием и ве́ре Христо́вей сыновей свои́х, соде́лав и́х храбрыми воинами проти́ву супоста́тов, иде́же увенчанные златы́ми му́ченическими венца́ми на небесе́х све́тло Престо́лу Бо́га Жи́зни вку́пе с тобо́ю ны́не предстоя́т teach us the same way. Helping that there would be the conventional warriors of the Christ, and the like to collect the same, who was delayed, gathered his right and lousy, and he was very honored in the earthly life, and he was honest, and more and more and we have a good thing, and we were more likely patron and God-loving prince, and we always glorify and magnify you. Pray to the Most Holy Trinity and to the Mother of God, may the Lord create us unhypocritical, and God devoted children of Holy Russia, and we, in the Orthodox faith, will preserve the great heritage of the God-loved abode of the Most Holy Theotokos, Her, as a great darling of God. And just as you, having erected many temples to God Christ, in them the power and glory of the Kingdom of God multiply, so raise us up from love of sin to a pious, God-loving life. We are praying sinful servants of God (names), we humbly ask for your intercession and heavenly help: strengthening the Orthodox faith, loving God and neighbors, perfect achievement. I ask the same, the Great Prince, from the Great of the Almighty, may the Saved the Lord of the Earthly and Heavenly Generies and Mileness, all the destructive and in sinfulness of the perishable soul and the whole fatherland of the great kingdom, let the faithful bebody let the belief more and more likely. : the communion of the faith of Christ, enlightenment to souls, repentance and remission of many and grave sins: perjury, betrayal, homicide, tsarist hatred, fratricide and every kind of villainy, even though it remains among the people of Russia not enlightened by God Christ. May the Lord bend the redeemer of sinful Russian from all the lives, as if the evil is the same, and all the honors of the God and the God and all the Rusa king. , anointed with a soul with a sainty and kindness of you, he would also be possible in the soul of right, in purity and holy faith in the redness of Christ, multiplying and holding it away, and to strengthen the firmness of Russian, and to the unhealthy, and to the unhealthy, and to the unhealthy, and to the unhealthy, and to the uninhabited father. , loudly glorifying you, Prince Andrey, in the glory of the Never-Evening Fiery Light, Coming and glorifying in the host of the holy God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, now and ever and forever and ever. Amen.

Third Prayer to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Oh, holy noble great prince Andrey! Passion-bearer and martyr! Faithful and theologian servant of God, devout and God-fearing Christian, fornicator and God-wise man, all-honorable and voevodo virtuous warrior, God-chosen and God-loved monarch, sovereign and daring ruler! Holy Russia, divided into destinies and principalities, wanting to gather into one kingdom and rule it sovereignly, may it be invincible from the enemy of true Christianity; for these deeds, for the glory and honor of the Christian God, he was killed and with his blood the foundation of Russia, the Holy One, with other princes-martyrs, strengthened, but forever remain unshakable; bestowed on Russia the miraculous icons of the Mother of God and Toya more than many others for piety and veneration of God, beloved. He who has raised sons, even thee, his earthly father, with his life and glorifies the Heavenly Father with his death. Founding the God-loving Abode and erecting many temples, in which we still pray, sinners, we ask for your intercession and Heavenly help; испроси́, свя́те Андре́е, у Го́спода Вседержи́теля ми́лости бога́тыя обездоленному ца́рствию ру́сскому и отпуще́ния мно́гих и тя́жких грехо́в народам христиа́нским, да да́рует Спаси́тель на́м прави́теля тебе́ подо́бнаго, и́же возмо́гл бы возроди́ти Оте́чествие на́ше земно́е и ко Оте́чествию Небе́сному привести́ на́с, иде́же ты́ ны́не, кня́же, in the glory of the Non-Evening Light standing with all the saints, praising in the Trinity the glorious God the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, now and forever and forever and ever. Amen.

Fourth Prayer to the Blessed Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky

Oh, the great Russian prince, Andrey Bogolyubsky! For the faith of the Bozhia and the glory of the fatherland of the Orthodoxy of the Russkago, slandered and adopted by the crafty and enemy people, but christened the venerates of the Orthodox by the Orthodox. protect and save from desecration and plunder the shrines of the temples of God and protect from the slander of enemies and from evil people the holy monastery of the God-loving icon, intercede for Holy Russia and the House of the Most Holy Theotokos, destroy the path of lawless and earthly and unrighteous divisions of Russia. Pray that we be saved in the faith of Christ, and ask us from God the governor of heaven, may he give us spiritual strength and wisdom to resist the devil and his wiles, and strengthen us to be fearless confessors of the name of the Christian: as if you were all before this, and miko miko before the face of the Antichrist, and before the whole kingdom of the Gentiles. Grant us not only to be worthy Christians, but also to be worthy heirs of the God-saved Russian State. But more than that, encourage us to be faithful and blessed children of God.
I ask from the Government: Love of the God of God, holy and murders and baptisms of the spiritual, may we be unrestrained to be jealous of the intelligence of the glory of the Russkogo's fatherland, and let us have a sake of sakes, and you will be more likely, and the saints are too much and the sorts of sakes in the gray -haired. and keep the weapon entrusted to us and God given against the enemies of God and all the monsters of the human race. For we are earthly-born, we are often weak and unreasonable, but led by you, wise and strong, we always hope with your help to soon reach the Kingdom of God in the Russian Land and therefore, with boldness, pass into the Kingdom of Heaven and Eternal, God's answer is with you Son and God of the Holy Spirit, the Trinity of the same essence and inseparable forever and ever. Amen. 10 votes : 4.60 out of 5 )

The Holy Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky (1110-1174), grandson of Vladimir Monomakh, son of Yuri Dolgoruky and the Polovtsian princess (in holy Baptism Mary), was called Bogolyubsky in his youth for his constant deep prayerful attention, diligence to church services and "hidden prayers appropriation to God." From his grandfather, Vladimir Monomakh, the grandson inherited great spiritual concentration, love for the Word of God and the habit of turning to Scripture in all situations of life.

A brave warrior (Andrey - means "courageous"), a participant in many campaigns of his warlike father, more than once in battles he was close to death. But every time God's Providence invisibly saved the prayer-prince. So, on February 8, 1150, in the battle near Lutsk, Saint Andrew was saved from the spear of a German mercenary by a prayer to the Great Martyr Theodore Stratilates, whose memory was celebrated on that day.

At the same time, the chroniclers emphasize the peacemaking gift of St. Andrew, rare in the princes and commanders of that harsh time. The combination of military prowess with peacefulness and mercy, great humility with indomitable zeal for the Church was highly characteristic of Prince Andrei. A zealous owner of the land, a permanent collaborator in the urban planning and church building activities of Yuri Dolgoruky, he builds Moscow (1147), Yuryev-Polsky (1152), Dmitrov (1154) with his father, decorates Rostov, Suzdal, Vladimir with churches. In 1162, Saint Andrew could say with satisfaction: "I have built white Russia with cities and villages and made it populous."

When in 1154 Yuri Dolgoruky became the Grand Duke of Kyiv, he gave his son Vyshgorod near Kyiv as an inheritance. But God judged otherwise. One night, it was the summer of 1155, a miraculous icon moved in the Vyshgorod church Mother of God, written by the holy evangelist Luke, shortly before that brought from Constantinople and later called Vladimirskaya. On the same night, with an icon in his hands, Saint Prince Andrei moved from Vyshgorod to the north, to the Suzdal land, secretly, without a father's blessing, obeying only the will of God.

The miracles from the holy icon, which were on the way from Vyshgorod to Vladimir, were recorded by the confessor of Prince Andrei "priest Mikulitsa" (Nicholas) in the "Tale of the Miracles of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God."

Ten versts from Vladimir, the horses carrying the icon to Rostov suddenly stopped. At night, the Mother of God appeared to Prince Andrei with a scroll in her hands and ordered: “I don’t want it, but bring My image to Rostov, but put it in Vladimir, and in this place, in the name of My Nativity, erect a stone church.” In memory of the miraculous event, St. Andrew ordered the icon painters to paint an icon of the Mother of God such as the Most Pure One appeared to him, and established the celebration of this icon on June 18. The icon, called Bogolyubskaya, later became famous for numerous miracles.

On the place indicated by the Queen of Heaven, Prince Andrei (in 1159) built the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin and founded the city of Bogolyubov, which became his permanent residence and place of martyrdom.

When his father, Yuri Dolgoruky, died (+ May 15, 1157), Saint Andrew did not go to his father's table, to Kyiv, but remained reigning in Vladimir. In 1158-1160. Assumption Cathedral was built in Vladimir, in which the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God was placed. In 1164, the Golden Gates were erected in Vladimir with the gate church of the Position of the Robe of the Mother of God and the Church of the Savior in the Prince's Court.

Thirty churches were built by the holy Prince Andrew during the years of his reign. The best of them is the Assumption Cathedral. The wealth and splendor of the temple served to spread Orthodoxy among the surrounding peoples and foreign merchants. Saint Andrew ordered all visitors, both Latins and pagans, to be taken to the temples erected by him and to show them "true Christianity." The chronicler writes: "both the Bulgarians, and the Jews, and all the trash, seeing the glory of God and the decoration of the church, were baptized."

The conquest of the great Volga route became for St. Andrew the main task of his state ministry to Russia. Volga Bulgaria from the time of the campaigns of Svyatoslav († 972) posed a serious danger to the Russian state. Saint Andrew became the successor of Svyatoslav's work.

A crushing blow to the enemy was dealt in 1164, when Russian troops burned and destroyed several Bulgarian fortresses. St. Andrew took with him on this campaign the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and a two-sided icon, which depicted the Savior Not Made by Hands on one side and the Adoration of the Cross on the other. (Currently both icons are in the State Tretyakov Gallery.)

A great miracle was revealed to the Russian army from the holy icons on the day of the decisive victory over the Bulgarians, August 1, 1164. After the defeat of the Bulgarian army, the princes (Andrey, his brother Yaroslav, son Izyaslav, and others) returned to the "pedestrians" (infantry), who stood under the princely banners at the Vladimir icon, and bowed to the icon, "giving praises and songs to her." And then everyone saw the dazzling rays of light emanating from the face of the Mother of God and from the Savior Not Made by Hands.

Remaining in everything a faithful son of the Orthodox Church, a guardian of the faith and canons, Saint Andrew turned to the patriarch in Constantinople with a filial request for the establishment of a special metropolis for North-Eastern Russia. With the corresponding princely letter, the candidate for metropolitan chosen by the prince, the Suzdal archimandrite Theodore, went to Byzantium. Patriarch Luke Chrysoverg agreed to consecrate Theodore, but not as a metropolitan, but only as a bishop of Vladimir. At the same time, in an effort to maintain the favor of Prince Andrei, the most powerful among the rulers of the Russian land, he honored Bishop Theodore with the right to wear a white hood, which in ancient Russia was a hallmark of church autonomy - it is known how the archbishops of Veliky Novgorod valued their white hood. Obviously, therefore, the Russian chronicles retained the nickname "White Klobuk" for Bishop Theodore, and later historians sometimes call him the "autocephalous bishop."

In 1167, Saint Rostislav, Andrei's cousin, who knew how to bring peace into the complex political and church life of that time, died in Kyiv, and a new metropolitan, Constantine II, was sent from Constantinople. The new metropolitan demanded that Bishop Theodore come to him for approval. Saint Andrew again turned to Constantinople for confirmation of the independence of the Vladimir diocese and with a request for a separate metropolis. A letter of response from Patriarch Luke Chrysoverg has been preserved, containing a categorical refusal to establish a metropolia, a demand to receive the exiled Bishop Leon and submit to the Metropolitan of Kyiv.

Fulfilling the duty of church obedience, Saint Andrew persuaded Bishop Theodore to go to Kyiv with repentance to restore canonical relations with the Metropolitan. The repentance of Bishop Theodore was not accepted. Without a conciliar trial, Metropolitan Constantine, in accordance with Byzantine customs, condemned him to terrible execution: They cut off Theodore's tongue, chopped off his right hand, gouged out his eyes. After that, he was drowned by the Metropolitan's servants (according to other sources, he soon died in prison).

Not only the ecclesiastical, but also the political affairs of Southern Russia required by this time the decisive intervention of the Grand Duke of Vladimir. On March 8, 1169, the troops of the allied princes, led by Andrei's son Mstislav, captured Kyiv. The city was destroyed and burned, the Polovtsy participating in the campaign did not spare even the church treasures. Russian chronicles considered this event as a well-deserved retribution: "Behold, here for their sins (the people of Kiev), more so for the Metropolitan's untruth." In the same year, 1169, the prince moved his troops against recalcitrant Novgorod, but they were driven back by the miracle of the Novgorod Icon of the Mother of God of the Sign (celebrated on November 27), which the holy Archbishop John († 1186, Comm. September 7) brought to the city wall. But when the enlightened Grand Duke turned his wrath to mercy and attracted the Novgorodians to himself with peace, God's favor returned to him: Novgorod accepted the prince appointed by the holy prince Andrei.

Thus, by the end of 1170, Bogolyubsky managed to achieve the unification of the Russian land under his rule.

In the winter of 1172, he sent a large army to the Volga Bulgaria under the command of his son Mstislav. The troops won, its joy was overshadowed by the death of the valiant Mstislav (+ March 28, 1172).

On the night of June 30, 1174, Saint Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky accepted a martyr's death at the hands of traitors in his Bogolyubsky castle. The Tver Chronicle reports that St. Andrew was killed at the instigation of his wife, who participated in the conspiracy. At the head of the conspiracy were her brothers, Kuchkovichi: "and set off the murder for the night, like Judas against the Lord." A crowd of murderers, twenty people, made their way to the palace, interrupted the small guards and broke into the bedchamber of the unarmed prince. The sword of St. Boris, which constantly hung over his bed, was treacherously stolen that night by the housekeeper Anbal. The prince managed to throw the first of the attackers to the floor, whom the accomplices immediately pierced with swords by mistake. But soon they realized their mistake: "and therefore, knowing the prince, and fighting with him velmi, more powerful, and slashing with swords and sabers, and giving spear ulcers to him." The forehead of the holy prince was pierced with a spear from the side, the cowardly killers inflicted all other blows from behind. When the prince finally fell, they rushed headlong out of the bedchamber, capturing the murdered accomplice.

But the saint was still alive. With a last effort, he descended the palace stairs, hoping to call the guards. But his wailing was heard by the killers, they turned back. The prince managed to hide in a niche under the stairs and miss them. The conspirators ran into the bedchamber and did not find the prince there. "Death awaits us, for the prince is alive," the murderers cried out in horror. But all around was quiet, no one came to the aid of the holy sufferer. Then the villains became bold again, lit candles and followed the bloody trail to look for their victim. Prayer was on the lips of St. Andrew, when he was again surrounded by murderers.

The Russian Church remembers and honors its martyrs and creators. Andrei Bogolyubsky has a special place in it. Taking in hand miraculous image Mother of God of Vladimir, the holy prince, as it were, blessed them from now on and until the century the main events of Russian history. 1395 - the transfer of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God to Moscow and the deliverance of the capital from the invasion of Tamerlane (celebrated on August 26); 1480 - the salvation of Russia from the invasion of Khan Akhmat and the final fall of the Mongol yoke (celebrated on June 23); 1521 - the salvation of Moscow from the invasion of the Crimean Khan Makhmet Giray (celebrated on May 21). Through the prayers of St. Andrew, his most cherished aspirations came true over the Russian Church. In 1300, Metropolitan Maxim transferred the All-Russian Metropolitan See from Kyiv to Vladimir, making the Assumption Cathedral, where the relics of St. Later, when the all-Russian church center shifted to Moscow, the election of metropolitans and patriarchs of the Russian Church took place before the Vladimir Icon. In 1448, the Council of Russian Bishops appointed the first Russian autocephalous metropolitan, Saint Jonah, by the Council of Russian Bishops. On November 5, 1917, His Holiness Patriarch Tikhon was elected before her - the first after the restoration of the patriarchate in the Russian Church. In 1971, on the feast of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God, His Holiness Patriarch Pimen was enthroned.

The liturgical activity of St. Andrew was many-sided and fruitful. In 1162, the Lord sent great consolation to the noble prince: in Rostov, the relics of the saints of Rostov, Saints Isaiah and Leonty, were found. The general church glorification of the Rostov saints began a little later, but Prince Andrei laid the foundation for their popular veneration. In 1164, Bogolyubsky's troops defeated an old enemy, Volga Bulgaria. The victories of the Orthodox people were marked by the flourishing of liturgical creativity in the Russian Church. In that year, on the initiative of St. Andrew, the Church established the celebration of the All-Merciful Savior and the Most Holy Theotokos on August 1 (revered by the Russian people as "honey Spas") - in memory of the Baptism of Russia by St. Vladimir Equal-to-the-Apostles and in memory of the victory over the Bulgarians in 1164. The feast of the Intercession of the Mother of God, established soon on October 1, embodied in liturgical forms the faith of the holy prince and the entire Orthodox people in the acceptance of Holy Russia by the Mother of God under Her omophorion. The Intercession of the Mother of God has become one of the most beloved Russian church holidays. Intercession is a Russian national holiday, unknown to either the Latin West or the Greek East. It is a liturgical continuation and creative development of the theological ideas laid down in the feast of the Deposition of the Robe of the Theotokos on July 2.

The first temple dedicated to the new holiday was the Intercession on the Nerl (1165), a remarkable monument of Russian church architecture, erected by the masters of St. Prince Andrei in the floodplain of the Nerl River so that the prince could always see it from the windows of his Bogolyubovsky tower.

Saint Andrew took a direct part in the literary work of Vladimir church writers. He was involved in the creation of the Service to the Intercession (the oldest list is in the parchment Psalter of the 14th century. State Historical Museum, Syn. 431), the prologue legend about the establishment of the feast of the Intercession (Great Menaion of the Honor. October. St. Petersburg, 1870, st. 4-5), "Words on the Pokrov" (ibid., columns 6, 17). He wrote "The Legend of the Victory over the Bulgarians and the Establishment of the Feast of the Savior in 1164", which in some old manuscripts is called: "The Word of the Mercy of God by Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky." (Published twice: The Legend of the Miracles of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God. With a preface by V. O. Klyuchevsky. M., 1878, pp. 21-26; Zabelin I. E. Traces of the literary work of Andrei Bogolyubsky. - "Archaeological news and notes", 1895, No. 2-Z). Bogolyubsky's participation is also noticeable in the compilation of the Vladimir chronicle of 1177, completed after the death of the prince by his confessor, the priest Mikula, who included in it a special "Tale of the murder of St. Andrew." The final edition of the Tale of Boris and Gleb, which was included in the Assumption Collection, also dates back to Andrey's time. The prince was a special admirer of the holy martyr Boris, the main shrine of his home was the hat of St. Boris. The sword of St. Boris always hung over his bed. A monument to the prayerful inspiration of Saint Prince Andrew is also the "Prayer", entered into the chronicle under 1096, after the "Instruction of Vladimir Monomakh".

And the Polovtsian princess, daughter of Khan Aepa Osekevich. The Grand Duke Vladimirsky in 1169-1175, before that he reigned in Vyshgorod, participated in his father's military campaigns and bravely took part in the battles, risking his life.

“When his grandfather died, Andrei was about fifteen years old, and despite the fact that he lived mostly in the Rostov-Suzdal Territory, he could well hear Monomakh’s instructions or read them. The attitude to power as a personal religious obligation was hard to establish, breaking the centuries-old habit of the princes to look at the Russian land as a joint possession of the entire princely family of Rurikovich.

With this order, the eldest in the family was at the same time the Grand Duke and sat on the eldest - Kiev - table. The rest owned principalities less significant, depending on the degree of their seniority. At the same time, there was no place for state relations within the princely family - they took on a purely family character. The prince was in no way connected with his temporary subjects. He knew: the Kyiv Grand Duke would die - his dignity, along with the throne, would pass to the member of the family next in seniority, and this would cause the rest of the princes to move to those destinies that now correspond to the degree of their seniority. The new position will be maintained as long as the new head of the clan is alive. Then a new move. This order was inconvenient and complicated due to the eternal disputes over seniority and attempts to take this or that table out of line ...

St. Andrei Bogolyubsky saw an urgent need to break, to abolish this tribal system in order to clear a place for a single Russian state. Known from a young age for piety, intelligence and military prowess, he was convinced from his own experience of the fatality of related princely disputes and disagreements. Not wanting to participate in the civil strife of relatives, in 1155 Prince Andrei went north, where the people of Rostov and Suzdal recognized him as their prince. There he founded the new great princedom of Vladimir, which the Providence of God destined to become the heart of the Russian state for almost two centuries.

On the grand-ducal table of St. Andrei behaved not like an older relative, but like a sovereign sovereign, giving an answer in his cares about the country and people to the one God. His reign was marked by numerous miracles, the memory of which is still preserved by the Church in the feast of the All-Merciful Savior (August 1), who blessed the prince for his sovereign service. At the same time, a holiday was established in honor of, which became a favorite church holiday Russian people.

Feeling that Russia is perishing from the division of power, St. Andrei, in his efforts to introduce autocracy, especially counted on the protection and intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. Leaving for the northern lands, he took with him [from the Vyshgorod Convent] a miraculous icon, painted, according to legend, by the holy Evangelist Luke on the board of the table at which the Savior Himself ate with His Mother and St. Joseph the Betrothed; Seeing this icon, the Most Holy Theotokos said: “From now on, all birth will please Me. May the Grace of the One Born of Me and Mine be with this icon! [This icon will soon be named after its place of residence, and it will become the main shrine in Russia. - Red.].

Twice in the morning, the icon was found descended from its place in the Vyshgorod Cathedral and standing in the air, as if inviting the prince on the path, for which he asked the blessing of the Most Pure in his fervent prayers.

When St. Andrei passed Vladimir, which at that time was an insignificant craft town, then the horses carrying the icon stopped and could not move. [The lives indicate that on the way the Mother of God appeared to the Prince. On the site of Her miraculous appearance, at Her command, Prince Andrei founded a monastery with a village called Bogolyubovo. At the request of the Prince, the icon of the Lady was painted in the form in which She appeared to him (1157), called Bogolyubskaya. - Red.] The prince called this place Bogolyubov, because he saw a sign of God in what happened, and Vladimir made it the capital of the principality.

Numerous miracles subsequently manifested by the Most Holy Theotokos prompted the prince to establish a church celebration of the Protection of the Mother of God, revealed over Russia throughout its entire history. This holiday is honored in Russia for at least the twelfth. It is significant that only the Russian Church celebrates it so solemnly, despite the fact that the event remembered on this day (the vision of the cover over the cathedral of worshipers) took place in Byzantium.

Such a zealous desire to unite the people could not remain without opposition from the anti-Orthodox forces. Significant, from this point of view, is the martyrdom of the prince in 1174. The chronicle unequivocally emphasizes the religious nature of the death of St. Andrew. The main person among the “heads of the murder” is the key keeper Anbal Yasin, a Jew [with the participation of another one: Ephraim Moizich. – Ed.]. The chronicler compares the advice of malefactors to the meeting of "Judas with the Jews" before the betrayal of the Savior.

The chronicle also cites the immediate cause of the crime - this is the active educational activity of the prince among the merchants of other faiths, as a result of which the number of Jews who converted to Orthodoxy increased. Mourning his master, the faithful servant Kuzma says: “It used to happen that a guest from Constantinople would come ... or a Latin ... even what a scoundrel if he came, the prince would now say: take him to church, to the sacristy, let them see true Christianity and be baptized; so it happened: the Bulgarians and the Jews and all the trash, seeing the glory of God and the decoration of the church, were baptized and now weep bitterly for you ... ”According to the views of the Talmud, a goy who “seduced” a Jew into Christianity deserves unconditional death.

Having learned about the murder of the prince, the people of Vladimir rebelled, and only religious processions through the streets of the city with miraculous icon Our Lady of Vladimir prevented further bloodshed. The Church, testifying to the piety of the works of the Grand Duke, glorified him as a saint. In the memory of his descendants, he remained a Russian ruler who felt himself not the owner of the land, but a servant of God, who tried to realize the ideal of Christian statehood.

Metropolitan John (Snychev)
http://www.hrono.info/biograf/bogolyub.html

How the Grand Duke was killed. Once Andrei executed one of his wife's closest relatives, Kuchkovich. Then the brother of the executed Yakim Kuchkovich, together with his son-in-law Peter and some other princely servants, decided to get rid of their master. The plot was soon joined by the prince's domestic servants - a certain yas (Ossetian) named Anbal and another Jew named Ephraim Moizich.

On the night of June 29-30, 1174, they drank wine for courage and, drunk, went to the prince's bedroom and broke down the doors. Andrei jumped up, wanted to grab the sword that was always with him (that sword had previously belonged to St. Boris), but there was no sword. The key keeper Anbal stole it from the bedroom during the day. While Andrei was looking for a sword, two assassins jumped into the bedroom and rushed at him, but Andrei was strong and had already managed to knock down one, when the rest ran in and rushed at Andrei; he fought back for a long time, despite the fact that from all sides they flogged him with swords, sabers, and stabbed him with spears. "Wicked ones," he shouted at them. - Why do you want to do the same as Goryaser [murderer]? What harm have I done to you? If you shed my blood on earth, God will mark you for my bread.” Finally Andrei fell under the blows; the killers, thinking that the matter was over, took their wounded man and went out of the bedroom, trembling all over, but as soon as they left, Andrey got to his feet and went under the porch, moaning loudly; the killers heard the groans and returned back, found the prince on the trail of blood and finished him off.

On July 4, the burial of the Prince took place in the Assumption Cathedral built by him in Vladimir. Opening of St. the relics of Prince Andrei occurred in 1702.

To characterize the personal qualities of this outstanding statesman, it is best to quote: “Gifted with great abilities, he at the same time was distinguished by excellent moral qualities. His memory is not stained by any vices, any low deeds, any even random crimes. His piety, his sincere faith, prayers and fasts, his wide charity are undeniable. With rare courage and military talents, he acquired a lot of military glory, but did not value it and did not like war. In the same way, while doing enormous work for the benefit of his land, he did not value popularity at all. All his life he represents a man of an idea who only cherished it, was ready to do everything for it, sacrifice everything and risk everything.

What was the idea that seized the son of Yuri Dolgoruky and the grandson of Vladimir Monomakh? .. It was born in his mind as a result of intense reflections, the material for which was provided to him by his broad education. As the chroniclers note, he was a "bookish" man, a scientist. He was a thinker, and an outstanding thinker, who managed to get ahead of his time and look into the future of the Russian land, understand its historical purpose, guess God's Intention about it. The idea that was born and strengthened in him was the idea of ​​Russia as an Orthodox kingdom.

It is difficult to say what role the fact that his great-great-grandfather was Emperor Constantine Monomakh played here, but this idea is certainly Byzantine. More can be said: it contained the germ of a future idea. Andrei Bogolyubsky anticipated it for three hundred years before it sounded in the message of the monk of the Spaso-Eleazarovsky monastery in Moscow. Andrei seemed to foresee that, and made it his life's work to prepare a replacement for him.

He began by establishing autocracy in his Suzdal land. Soon she began to show a striking contrast in relation to the rest of Russia: strife and strife took place everywhere, and here order and tranquility reigned. However, Bogolyubsky was not going to limit the field of his activity to his own inheritance and was only waiting for a convenient moment to spread it to the whole of Russia ... “From Andrei,” Soloviev writes, “for the first time, the possibility of a transition from tribal relations to state relations is expressed.”

Another act of Andrei Bogolyubsky can be called a classic for rulers accustoming subjects to their autocracy. He did the same thing that three other great theoreticians and practitioners of this form of government did - Akhenaten, and [as well as] - moved the capital to a new place (to Vladimir), as if starting the history of Russia from scratch ...

Vladimir did not take root in a new role, like the entire program of Andrei Bogolyubsky for the creation of the Russian kingdom. She was put forward prematurely ... The prince, in the end, was killed by his own. Russia returned to feudal fragmentation, which was overcome only by 1448 [by learning from the opposite: as a result of allowing more than two centuries of the Horde yoke for our sins. - Ed.], when he finished with the last troublemaker Shemyaka and became de facto the first Russian tsar, and ours.

But the feat of Grand Duke Andrei was not in vain: if it were not for the first, unsuccessful, attempt to create the Russian Orthodox Empire, there would not have been a second, successful one. Considering the huge historical meaning this feat, as well as the righteousness of the life of Andrei Bogolyubsky, his ardent faith and martyrdom, our Church canonized him among the saints. It seems that it is not at all accidental that his memory is celebrated on the very day when he was - July 4 according to the Julian calendar. The Lord Himself arranged it so that we commemorate both great martyrs in churches at the same time.

Discussion: there is 1 comment

I was in the city of Volodymyr. I really liked the city of Vladimir, even just being there causes joy in my soul. I asked a local resident if Vladimir was the capital of Russia, she replied: "Yes."
He asked: "Will it be?" She replied: "We don't, we don't want to."
I think that in the future the capital of Russia will no longer be in Moscow (and not in St. Petersburg). No matter how difficult and difficult this thought may be for some, we must already think and prepare for the fact that the capital of Russia will be in another city. It may be necessary for several cities to share capital functions. The history of Russia will have to start again from scratch.

Why did Andrey Bogolyubsky not begin to rule in Kyiv after the capture of the city in 1169? Was his death at the hands of the conspirators connected with the founding of Moscow? Can Prince Andrei be considered the ancestor of the despotic traditions of Muscovite Russia? This was told to Lente.ru by a doctor of historical sciences, a leading researcher at the Institute Russian history RAS Anton Gorsky.

From Kyiv to Vladimir

"Lenta.ru": The famous Russian historian Vasily Klyuchevsky called Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky the first Great Russian, but why is he so little known to our general public, unlike the same Alexander Nevsky?

Gorsky: Of course, Alexander Nevsky, as well as Andrei Bogolyubsky's father Yuri Dolgoruky or his grandfather Vladimir Monomakh, are more famous characters in Russian history. As for the "first Great Russian", Klyuchevsky wrote very figuratively, and here in his assessment of the personality of Prince Andrei Yurievich we are dealing with some hyperbole. In pre-revolutionary Russian historiography, it was commonly believed that it was in the era of Andrei Bogolyubsky that the political center Ancient Russia moved from Kyiv to Suzdal land. Similar statements are still found in some modern historians.

Was it wrong?

Not really. Such ideas are based on later sources, namely the Book of Powers compiled under Ivan the Terrible. It ideologically clearly formulated the idea of ​​the transition in the reign of Andrei Bogolyubsky of "elders" and "autocracy" from the Kyiv princes, first to the Vladimir, and then to the Moscow Rurikoviches.

Of course, in the middle of the XII century, the Suzdal land was one of the strongest in Russia, but then there was no transfer of the all-Russian capital from Kyiv to Vladimir. Kyiv until the Batu invasion and even for some time after it retained the status of the capital city of the entire Russian land. You mentioned Alexander Nevsky - and so it was in his era that Kyiv ceased to be the all-Russian capital.

Why? Because of the Mongol invasion?

Yes, after the Batu invasion, the great khan in Karakorum recognized Yaroslav Vsevolodovich as the oldest among the Russian princes, who received Kyiv. After his death, his son Alexander Yaroslavich became the prince of Kyiv, but he did not go to the capital devastated by the Mongols, sending his governor there. He himself was imprisoned first in Novgorod, and then in Vladimir. Until the end of the 13th century, Kyiv was considered the possession of the Vladimir princes, but they themselves never sat there.

Image: artist Ivan Bilibin

Later, as a result of the political struggle in the Horde and in Russia, the princes of Vladimir lost Kyiv, but retained the status of the first among the Russian princes. From that time on, we can assume that Vladimir became the all-Russian capital, especially since in the middle of the 14th century Kyiv was ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. But in the XII century, under Andrei Bogolyubsky, this was not yet the case.

Architects from Barbarossa

But Prince Andrei was also considered the oldest among the Russian princes, although he himself did not rule in Kyiv.

After the death of his father in 1157, Kyiv prince Yuri Dolgoruky, Andrei successfully engaged in the arrangement of North-Eastern Russia, transferring the capital of Suzdal land from Suzdal to Vladimir. He began to claim seniority in the Rurik family after 1167, when the eldest grandson of Vladimir Monomakh Rostislav Mstislavich, the ancestor of the Smolensk princely house, died in Kyiv. And although Andrei Yurievich was considered the eldest among the descendants of Monomakh, his cousin Mstislav Izyaslavich from the Volyn branch of the Monomakhoviches became the Prince of Kyiv. In response, Prince Andrei formed a coalition of many Russian princes, led by his son Mstislav, whose troops captured and sacked Kyiv in March 1169.

Andrei Bogolyubsky did not rule in the city, leaving his younger brother Gleb to reign there. Then for the first time a situation arose when the first among the Russian princes did not simultaneously become the prince of Kyiv, but remained in Vladimir, on the far north-eastern outskirts of the then Russian land. But this state of affairs lasted only two years: in 1171, Gleb Yurievich died under strange circumstances - there are suspicions that he, like his father, Yuri Dolgoruky, was poisoned in 1157 by the Kyiv boyars. A new campaign against Kyiv, organized by Andrei Bogolyubsky in 1173, ended in failure, and a year later he was killed.

Why did Andrey Bogolyubsky not want to reign in Kyiv, but remained in Vladimir, which was then out of place?

Even during the life of his father, Prince of Kyiv Yuri Dolgoruky, Andrei left Vyshgorod without his permission and went to North-Eastern Russia, where he launched a stormy activity. Andrei Bogolyubsky sought to equip Vladimir in the model and likeness of Kyiv and Constantinople. It was under his rule that the Golden Gate and the majestic Assumption Cathedral appeared in the city, founded half a century ago by his grandfather Vladimir Monomakh.

Is it true that these and some other structures were Western European masters sent at the request of Andrei Bogolyubsky by the German king and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa?

Of course, and there is nothing surprising in this. In the pre-Mongol period, the Vladimir-Suzdal princes had extensive contacts with Germany and Northern Italy, which was then part of the Holy Roman Empire. There is evidence that at the end of the 15th century, when the Italian architect Aristotle Fioravanti, invited by Ivan III to build the Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin, came to Vladimir and saw the local Assumption Cathedral, he immediately determined: “It was built by our masters.” It was the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir that Fioravanti took as a model for the construction of the Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin.

Prince of Vladimir, Rostov and Suzdal, Grand Duke of Kyiv (since 1157).

Andrei Yurievich Bogolyubsky was born around 1111. He was the eldest son of the Grand Duke and the daughter of the Polovtsian Khan Aepa.

Chronicles begin to mention Andrei Bogolyubsky during the war of his father with his nephew, the Grand Duke of Kyiv Izyaslav Mstislavich, who occupied the Kyiv throne contrary to the right of the ladder, when his uncles Vyacheslav and Yuri were still alive.

In 1149, Andrei Yuryevich received Vyshgorod from possession, but a year later he was transferred to Western Russian lands, where he held the cities of Turov, Pinsk and Peresopnitsa. In 1151, with the consent of his father, he returned to his native Suzdal land, where, apparently, he had an inheritance. In 1155, Andrei Yuryevich was again transferred to Vyshgorod, from where, contrary to his father's will, he again returned to, taking with him the icon of the Virgin, written, according to legend, by the Evangelist Luke (the image of Our Lady of Vladimir).

After his death in 1157, Andrey Yuryevich inherited the Kyiv throne, but, despite the custom, he did not go to live in Kyiv. Then he was elected prince of Rostov, Suzdal and Vladimir. Relying on his "mercifuls" (servants), in 1162 Andrei Yurievich expelled from the Rostov-Suzdal land not only his relatives, but also his father's squad.

In the "Suzhdal land" he made the capital of the principality, turning a small fortress into a rich city with majestic cathedrals, many churches and impregnable fortress walls with Golden, Silver, Copper gates. Not far from the prince, on the Nerl River, he founded “a stone city for himself, with a name”, from which he received his nickname.

Andrei Bogolyubsky won great prestige and after the death of his father began to pursue an independent policy, trying to subjugate the princely and boyar estates that were at war with each other. In three years, he turned into a powerful prince who managed to create the future political center of the state in the north-east of Russia. In 1164 Andrei Bogolyubsky made a victorious campaign against the Volga Bulgarians, and in 1169 his troops took and plundered Kyiv.

The strengthening of princely power and the conflict with prominent boyars caused a conspiracy against Andrei Bogolyubsky. On the night of June 29-30, 1174, the Grand Duke was killed by a group of conspirators from his inner circle. Initially, he was buried in the Vladimir Church of the Assumption of the Virgin, later the remains were repeatedly transferred. Around 1702 Andrei Bogolyubsky was canonized Orthodox Church in the face of the faithful.